Bài 2: Chi phí ngừng máy của một số ngành công nghiệp
Báo cáo năm 2022 của công ty Senseye cho thấy thời gian ngừng máy ngoài kế hoạch hiện khiến các công ty Fortune Global 500 (Bảng xếp hạng hàng năm của 500 công ty, tập đoàn hàng đầu trên toàn thế giới tính theo doanh số) mất 11% doanh thu hàng năm của họ – gần 1,5 nghìn tỷ USD. Con số này tăng từ 864 tỷ USD (8% doanh thu) hai năm trước. Trong số các công ty Fortune Global 500, chi phí ngừng hoạt động hàng năm hiện là 129 triệu USD cho mỗi cơ sở, tăng 65% trong cuộc khảo sát gần đây nhất của Senseye trong năm 2019-2020.
Dưới đây, chúng ta sẽ tìm hiểu chi phí ngừng máy của một số ngành công nghiệp tại Mỹ, tại Việt Nam, tại một số nước khác. Nói cách khác ngừng máy làm cho doanh nghiệp mất bao nhiêu tiền?
1.Chi phí ngừng máy của một số doanh nghiệp tại Mỹ
Chi phí ngừng máy thể hiện thiệt hại mỗi giờ do ngừng máy trong doanh nghiệp và khác nhau tùy theo ngành công nghiệp.
Bảng 1: Chi phí ngừng máy của một số ngành công nghiệp tại Mỹ
TT
Công nghiệp
Chi phí ngừng máy mỗi giờ (USD), tính cho cả nhà máy
1
Năng lượng
2.817.846
2
Viễn thông
2.066.245
3
Chế tạo
1.610.654
4
Tổ chức tài chính
1.495.134
5
Công nghệ thông tin
1.344.461
6
Bảo hiểm
1.202.444
7
Bán lẻ
1.107.274
8
Dược phẩm
1.082.252
9
Ngân hàng
996.802
10
Thực phẩm, đồ uống
804.192
11
Hàng tiêu dùng
785.719
12
Hóa chất
704.101
13
Vận tải
668.586
14
Y tế
636.030
15
Luyện kim
580.588
16
Điện tử
477.366
17
Xây dựng
389.601
Trung bình
944.395
2.Chi phí ngừng máy của một số doanh nghiệp tại Việt Nam
Qua điều tra thực tế, tổn thất trong một giờ ngừng sản xuất do máy bị hư hỏngở một số ngành công nghiệp tại Việt Nam như sau:
Dầu khí: vài triệu USD.
Thép: 10.000 USD.
Giấy: 10.000 – 20.000 USD.
Gia công kim loại: 5.000 USD.
Hóa chất: 2.000 USD.
Điện: 10.000 USD.
Sản xuất lon bia: 9.000 USD.
Nhựa (1 máy): 200 USD.
Nếu ngừng máy do hư hỏng trong một ngày một nhà máy đường Việt Nam có sản lượng 6.000 tấn/ngày bị thiệt hại trung bình là 2,4 tỷ đồng.
3.Chi phí ngừng máy của một số doanh nghiệp khác
–Một nhà máy hóa dầu ở Hàn Quốc phải ngưng hoạt động do một cơn bão. Khi nhà máy hoạt động trở lại, theo dõi và giám sát tình trạng máy người ta nhận thấy có rung động trong những quạt gió. Sau khi kiểm tra quạt gió người ta nhận thấy nguyên nhân chính là do hư hỏng nghiêm trọng trong các ổ lăn. Nếu hư hỏng đó không được phát hiện kịp thời thì thiệt hại của nhà máy có thể lên đến 0,5 triệu USD.
–Nhờ theo dõi thường xuyên một nhà máy xử lý khí ở Trung Đông người ta nhận thấy có rung động ở một rô to máy nén và so sánh với một hiện tượng tương tự trước đây.
Từ đó đã giúp cho nhà máy rút ra kết luận rằng rung động đó là do sự mất cân bằng của rô to. Vậy cần phải thay thế rô to đó, nhưng nhà máy lại không có phụ tùng để thay ngay lập tức. Nhờ hiểu rõ được tình trạng của máy mà các kỹ sư của nhà máy đã kiểm soát được mức độ nghiêm trọng của sự cố đó bằng cách giảm tải đặt lên rô to đó trong khi chế tạo một rô to mới. Nếu không phát hiện sớm và chính xác để điều chỉnh sản xuất thì khi máy bị hư hỏng, ngừng sản xuất hoàn toàn sẽ gây thiệt hại ước tính khoảng 2 triệu USD/ mỗi ngày.
–Một nhà máy lọc dầu của Pháp đã phát hiện thấy có một trục của máy trộn chất xúc tác bị đảo nhiều hơn so với trước đây trong khi khởi động. Người ta nhận thấy trục máy này có ma sát với vỏ và những vòng chặn. Chất xúc tác khi thoát ra gần những vòng chặn sẽ dần dần tích tụ bên trong vỏ. Nhờ công tác theo dõi tình trạng máy thường xuyên mà quyết định loại bỏ chất xúc tác bằng cách phun nước trong khi vẫn vận hành máy. Kết quả là rung động đó đã trở lại bình thường. Bằng cách giải quyết tình trạng một cách trực tiếp, nhà máy đã tránh được thiệt hại ước tính khoảng 1 triệu quan Pháp mỗi ngày.
–“Cứ một lần ngừng máy ngoài kế hoạch thì tương ứng với khoảng 10 giờ ngừng sản xuất và bị thiệt hại 65.000 USD trong một nhà máy cán thép. Một năm thường có khoảng 5 trường hợp như vậy. Tất cả trường hợp này có thể phòng tránh bằng các kỹ thuật bảo trì là giám sát rung động” (TS. Don Mahadevan, Hội nghị quốc tế lần thứ 3 về bảo trì dự đoán).
Việc áp dụng số hoá công tác quản lý bảo trì tài sản sẽ giúp doanh nghiệp tiết kiệm được khoản lớn chi phí bảo trì và các thiệt hại do sự cố ngừng máy mang lại. Nếu doanh nghiệp khai thác tốt lợi ích công tác quản lý bảo trì thiết bị sẽ giúp doanh nghiệp tránh tình trạng gián đoạn sản xuất trong thời gian sớm nhất.
it will also take several months. So when Chen Ping an regulates the five elements and disordered spiritual energy in his body, Top Weight Loss Gummies 2025: Unleash a Slender New You with the Best Keto Diet Gummies
he still needs Bai Jing to clear the way and Xiao Mo to help.Why are you so angry It turned out that at Caiyu Mountain s Sanhua Beach, Lu Chen and his own mind had completely lost the traction of the road.
Chen Ping an said angrily Is this guy out of his mind You, Zheng Dafeng, are a pure martial artist, and ran away What kind of prince should Dadu be Indeed, there are now Changchun Hou Yanghua and Linli Bo Cao Yong in Dadu in the central part of Aquarius Continent, but Can You Buy Weight Loss Gummies in Stores? Exploring the Benefits and Effectiveness of Keto-ACV Gumm
there is still a lack of a Shuijun with the title of gong.
Zheng Juzhong felt a little regretful. If Chen Ping an resolutely slashes at the wilderness with his sword, Zheng Juzhong will definitely be the first to follow, adding fuel to the fire.Since ancient times, it has been the best makeup for women in the realm of Taoism. Pei The Best Way to Use Keto ACV Gummies: Unlock Optimal Weight Loss and Health Benefits
Qian gathered his voice and asked in a secret voice Master, have you met someone you know Chen Pingan shook his head and said Not really.
He must seize more soil with the other three worlds. And living things. In fact, before the riverside discussion, Bai Ze once asked Dao Ancestor for help in making an inference.Once these two talismans are used too early, the person s Does Keto Ripped Gummies Work: A Comprehensive Review of the Algarve Keto Gummies Shark Tank Sensati
true body and soul will be like a stone. The pillar is rooted in the center of the flood, just like a pure martial artist who has been cast a holding talisman.
Sloppy and drunkard. As for why I am more tolerant of Xie Gou, I naturally think that she can still like someone even after ten thousand years.Later generations of monks noticed that Xiao Mo guessed that Bai Jing s trip must be for treasure hunting, and she would never return empty handed.
There is an old pine tree standing with its back bent. The branches and leaves on the top of the tree are particularly lush.Xianwei was confused. Xiaomi, did you listen carefully Earlier you were sitting there yawning, feeling confused, like a chicken pecking at rice.
Cui Dongshan waved his hand and pulled the big fish floating downstream towards him, and then jumped high while shouting Get up, just kick the big fish.There is an immortal in Taoism who can rejuvenate his youth. a baby with white hair. Then there was thunder in the sky, and a young man with disheveled hair came at lightning speed.
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suddenly turned his head, his face was as frosty and filled with evil spirits. The Taoist priest said helplessly Miss Xue, you are a serious person, what are you thinking about Just say, read less about talented people and beauties, and read more about classics and commentaries.I m not familiar with you. Li Xisheng smiled and said This is a rare opportunity. It is indeed possible to properly open the door of heaven and earth and accept the spiritual energy with confidence.
Originally, he must visit the Liu family in Aaizhou and the Lei Gong Temple in Pei Axiang. Now, Chen Pingan is too lazy to visit the Liu family.I just practice hard in the temple. After leaving the temple gate, there is another way to practice. Hearing this, the old monk nodded and said I offer incense and worship here.
An extremely handsome young man was lying on the ground with his legs crossed. His eyes were bright and he was staring at the sky.Millet grains are better. Anyway, in those few days, he just hung around the old cook and didn t say anything.
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he received A third class innocent plaque issued by the Ministry of Justice.Liu Baqiao asked thiefly Why are you willing to hand over the right side of the Sui Dynasty to Xia Zong Of course, Luo Luo Shan doesn t have to worry about this.
Ghosts can t avoid them. How can they take the initiative to seek death by leaning on them Before Qutang left a ghost house that had been abandoned for many years, she hid in an umbrella and wanted to cross the river with the scholar, trying to avoid the eyes and ears of the river god and the nearby city god, and took the opportunity to escape.
Previously, Lu Chen once suggested to Chen Pingan that if he had the opportunity, he must become a knowledgeable guest who welcomes and sends guests off.
The best way to contain the most tide aura. Bai Jing hurriedly turned to look at Xiaomo next to the hut on the ground , Xiaomo, Xiaomo, please help me speak a fair word to the mountain owner.She laughed and said, It s all dowry. Zheng Juzhong was obviously.
trying to attract others. Lu Yan smiled and said, As for the matter of money and silk, I am completely destitute.
The Taoist priest smiled and said When I was young, I once heard a friend, who was half an elder, talk about the relationship between characters, words, sentences Experience the Power of Nutrizen ACV Gummies: A Game-Changing Solution for Weight Loss and Overall W
and meanings.Pi Shenghui, this junior is of low status and has a poor family, a humble house without wine, poor hospitality, and a lot of sins.
In ancient times, he had been with them. and Sword Cultivator, fought side by side many times, fighting together against the gods who patrolled the land and killed earthly immortals wantonly.The largest restaurant in the capital, an Xianjia Inn, and the Xianjia Ferry in the capital are all private properties of the Ma family.
As long as the Fox Clan Qi Practitioners had the hope of reaching the Cave Realm, they could go out alone to travel to the four blessed lands, travel around the world, and get involved in the love affairs between men and women.In fact, Hu Feng viewed Dong Shuijing this way, and Dong Shuijing and Wu Tijing also viewed Hu Feng the same way.
I hope you can help Guo Huifeng when the time comes, so that this farce will not end in a worse outcome.And what is the material of the core column that goes straight to the ground Why is it called the Thunder God Pillar in ancient books What is the purpose of building the Dragon Cave underground.
In short, according to the old monk, there is no such thing. It was so mysterious and had nothing to do with ghosts or auspiciousness.
Relaxed and comfortable, he nodded and said It s normal to be more famous than Brother Chen. A young man is better than a good man. It s a good thing.In fact, their relationship is not tense, and there is even a relaxed atmosphere that is unimaginable in later generations.
Forget it if you don t give money, there is no need for an excuse, it is a normal thing, but why does this Taoist priest need to trick others.According to Cui Dongshan s explanation, it was because the previous owner was a man of few desires and disliked making noise, so he used an extremely clever Experience the Miraculous Benefits of Purefast Ketoacv Gummies: Unlock a Slender, Healthier You with
method of sealing the mountain , so that no enlightened plant spirit has appeared in the mountain so far.
Shao Yunyan suddenly stopped talking. Chen Ping an asked with a smile Could it be that Bai Shang was well informed and asked you for the eighth sword raising gourd before going into seclusion Shao Yunyan nodded.The man squatting beside the pot directly reached out to pick up a bunch of intestines from the oil pot, raised his head and put it Is Ace Keto Gummies Legit? A Comprehensive Review of the Popular Keto Weight Loss Supplement
in his mouth, then turned his head , with his mouth full of oil stains, he tugged at the corners of his mouth at the crane cloaked scribe, and said vaguely Master Bai, I can t bear it anymore.
On the middle mountain, Gaojun climbed all the way up. It was steep and pathless. The ridge of the world appeared in the clouds.The previous number in small letters. Except for Tongyezhou and Haoran Bazhou, which do not have cross continental ferries, different ferry boat owners and stewards each received an incidental card engraved with different numbers, such as Wu Qiu, Jiu.
For this Yuzhou general, there is actually no need to pay too much attention to official rules. Speech is very casual. Cao Mao said calmly Can the six departments of our capital in Dali be the Keto ACV Gummies vs Apple Cider Vinegar: Which is the Best Choice for Weight Loss and Healthy Digest
same as the government offices in other countries that are used to support the elderly A female monk who stayed with him smiled and said General Cao, I heard that this newly appointed The chief officer of the logging institute is an unsmiling person.
The view is dark and clear, like snow filling the world and the heaven and earth becoming one color, which is winter.Although it is not a giant ferry that can cross continents, its route spans half a continent without any problems, and its cargo capacity is even better than that Why Keto Gummies Don't Work: Separating Fact from Fiction in the World of Weight Loss Supplements
of a dragon boat that is used as an ornamental ship.
The Taoist priest wearing a lotus crown on his head fisted his fist, What a coincidence, Qi Tianjun is very familiar with Pindao, and Pindao is not the same as Qi Tianjun.It is probably worth more than a hundred Grain Rain coins, and it takes a long time. In fact, it is nothing to give up to Guo Huifeng. Anyway, Say Goodbye to Belly Fat: How Billy Gardell Keto Gummies Can Help You Achieve Your Weight Loss Goals
our Zhengyang Mountain gets a large sum of money every year, which is regarded as the salary of hiring people to dig the mountain.
Bai Mao noticed that the sword carrying young man s gaze was fixed on his back, and he laughed and said Brother Chen, we are indeed of the same kind.Maybe one is a firm skeptic, and the other knows the truth but doesn t take it seriously. In the final analysis, Chen Lingjun couldn t let go of everyone and everything in Luolu Mountain.
Naturally, Yu Huiting didn t believe it. A great swordsman, or Zhijie Wufu, can t he notice his own movement Chen Ping an pointed to the bamboo chair under the eaves with a cattail leaf fan and said with a smile It s relatively simple.The business of Baofu Zhai in Niujiadu is average. Zheng Dafeng walked into a deserted shop with his hands behind his back.
Brother, if I were the top official in the Confucian Temple, I would never bear to dispatch you like this Yu Xuan smiled and refused to talk.Lu Chen turned around and asked, Miss Pei, I want to ask you something. Do those two children have a clear apprenticeship with Pindao s senior brother Previously, Pei Qian only said that Li Xisheng would take them with him to practice.
As a result, I got together with my good friends from the mountain, got very drunk, and as soon as we started chatting, we spilled the beans.Chen Lingjun laughed and said, That s for sure, the master is diligent. After becoming a kiln worker apprentice, and knowing how to recognize the soil and fertilize it, the vegetables in the garden can t grow as tall as a man After walking out for more than a dozen steps, Chen Lingjun was suddenly startled.
The old monk sat cross legged, closed his eyes and rested his mind. The scribe gently twisted the rosary beads. The sound of the eaves is like a waterfall, and the rain curtain is like a curtain.With a swish of its tail, it smashed the stacked formation. After spitting out the bead and hitting it with his head, the wild world was replaced by a brand new green path that seemed to be preset, and the snake s figure was submerged into the void and disappeared.
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Ping an couldn t help but ask Brother Li, why don t you call more Ascension Realm monks to come and help Li Xisheng smiled and explained Some are unable to help, and some are unable to escape.Whether you want to go or stay, we will discuss the result first and wait until we get down from the mountain.
Otherwise, they would not have been able to collect a few bags of gold and copper coins to let the direct disciples come here to try their luck.
Lu Chen asked curiously What if we add the third one Chen Pingan said It is not as good as Master Lu alone.Liu Xianyang was still pitying himself there, saying that his ability to reincarnate was not as good as this Junior Brother Xie, otherwise he would just grab the Ascension Realm, let alone the Immortal Realm.
Someone once took a glance at this valuable treasure and commented on it. The words were concise and concise, with only one sentence, this thing Unlocking the Power of Divinity Labs Keto ACV Gummies: A Comprehensive Review of the Best Keto Gummi
is a complete Taoist lineage.It also produces fine wine. There are so many beauties. Nangong Xingyan is very envious of you.
our Luoluoshan. Chen Ping an nodded and said with a smile, I have met fellow Taoist fellow Taoist Ting Ni.
He had to move his chopsticks angrily and picked up a wild stream fish. After that sword inquiry, a series of earth shaking changes The Carrie Underwood Weight Loss Secret: Uncovering the Power of Keto One Gummies
occurred in the peaks of Zhengyang Mountain.This girl s film clearly shows that she is a direct immortal master from Jinque Immortal Mansion, so she is qualified to have a Zhu Bing god general as a retinue.
Good material, the Cao family swordsmanship suits him very well. After a moment, Zhong Qian opened his eyes drowsily, as if he had been slapped awake, he was still a little dizzy, his vision was blurred, and he could vaguely see the old man s face face.Therefore, the results of the Lu family s ancestral hall discussions and their respective actions after leaving the ancestral hall are often contradictory to outsiders who are looking at the flowers in the fog.
Lu Shen, who seemed to be left alone, looked calm and continued to talk to himself I want to ask Shanzhu Chen for advice.
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was just that after Yuan Zui left his hometown to practice Taoism, he lost his freedom in Shujian Lake.The golden thread, which was a mile away from the young man, couldn t help laughing. Originally, she planned to return to the capital of Qingxing Kingdom and ask the senior sister who was already in the cave realm, but for now, she had better forget it, so as not to be laughed at by her.
Master Chen is not a Buddhist, so why is he alone Are we interested in the Vinaya sect The Vinaya sect can be said to have strict precepts, and practicing the precepts is recognized as the most difficult.Can sell dozens of snow coins. The young man said There is an old saying that wealth is like water flowing from water.
Wu into the City God s Temple. Wu Yuan came here to chat with Gao Ping. It didn t involve official matters, but some interesting anecdotes about the officialdom of the mountains and rivers outside Chuzhou.Do you really think the water boiled in the pot is the entrails of livestock Leave quickly. You idiot, do you really think that in this lawless ghost world, humans are better than ghosts Those two snow coins.
that s all, you can t escape, just pay me back in the next life. As long as they join forces, I am destined to fight.