Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao (High Performance Manufacturing – HPM) là gì?
Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao (tiếng Anh: High Performance Manufacturing – HPM) là mô hình nhấn mạnh đến các hoạt động thực hành sản xuất tại các doanh nghiệp sản xuất chế tạo.
1. Khái niệm Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao
Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao trong tiếng Anh gọi là: High Performance Manufacturing – HPM.
Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao là mô hình nhấn mạnh đến các hoạt động thực hành sản xuất tại các doanh nghiệp sản xuất chế tạo (manufacturing), nhằm đạt được đồng thời các kết quả cao đối với các chỉ tiêu hoạt động như chi phí, chất lượng, thời gian, tính linh hoạt.
Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao – High Performance Manufacturing (HPM) bắt nguồn từ khái niệm Sản xuất đẳng cấp thế giới – World Class Manufacturing (WCM) được đưa ra từ thập niên 1980 do Hayes & Wheelwright (1984) đề xuất và Schonberger (1986) phát triển sau khi quan sát các doanh nghiệp nổi bật tại Mỹ, Nhật Bản, Đức để tìm ra các điểm chung của những doanh nghiệp này.
Khác với các mô hình quản trị như: Quản lí chất lượng toàn diện (TQM), Vừa đúng lúc (JIT), 6 Sigma.., cách tiếp cận của mô hình HPM là sự tích hợp các hệ thống quản trị đồng thời trong một mô hình bao gồm các lĩnh vực như:
Xây dựng và triển khai chiến lược sản xuất và kinh doanh; thiết kế sản phẩm, quản trị chuỗi cung ứng, sản xuất tinh gọn, chất lượng, bảo dưỡng tổng hợp, phát triển nhân lực, trách nhiệm xã hội và quản trị môi trường.
2. Thành phần Mô hình sản xuất hiệu suất cao HPM
Mô hình HPM được mô tả bao gồm 4 nhóm yếu tố cơ bản:
– Nhóm 1: Tổ chức và phát triển nguồn nhân lực. Đây là nhóm chức năng và hoạt động được xem như cơ sở hạ tầng quản trị của các doanh nghiệp, phải được xây dựng đầu tiên, làm cơ sở cho các hoạt động cải tiến khác.
Các hoạt động thực hành chủ yếu bao gồm: tổ chức bộ máy “phẳng”, đào tạo, phát triển nhân viên đa năng, luân chuyển cán bộ, hoạt động nhóm giải quyết vấn đề, đánh giá kết quả công việc, chính sách lương thưởng, cơ chế cải tiến, phát triển văn hóa doanh nghiệp…
– Nhóm 2: Quản trị chất lượng, JIT, TPM, Quản trị chuỗi cung ứng, hệ thống thông tin. Đây là nhóm các chức năng và hoạt động mềm mang tính chất chiến thuật, tập trung vào nâng cao năng lực chất lượng, chi phí thấp, giao hàng đúng hạn…
Các hoạt động thực hành chủ yếu tiếp thu từ kinh nghiệm Nhật Bản trong quản trị chất lượng (kiểm soát quá trình, quan hệ nhà cung ứng…), JIT (sử dụng Kanban, bố trí mặt bằng JIT, bình chuẩn hóa, hệ thống kéo), TPM (bảo dưỡng tự giác, bảo dưỡng phòng ngừa, cải tiến máy móc).
Nền tảng của các hoạt động cải tiến chất lượng, JIT, TPM là hệ thống thông tin quản lí, bao gồm hệ thống cơ sở dữ liệu về quá trình, sản phẩm, khách hàng, nhà cung cấp và các công cụ phân tích, hỗ trợ ra quyết định.
Vào đầu thế kỉ XX, quản trị chuỗi cung ứng đóng vai trò ngày càng quan trọng, không chỉ liên quan đến quan hệ với nhà cung cấp, mà là toàn bộ 2 chiều ngược – xuôi dòng của chuỗi. Nhà sản xuất cần đặt trọng tâm vào chia sẻ thông tin với khách hàng và nhà cung cấp để tạo ra sự tin cậy và hợp tác.
– Nhóm 3: Phát triển sản phẩm mới, Phát triển công nghệ mới, Phát triển Chiến lược sản xuất. Đây là các chức năng và hoạt động có tính đổi mới sáng tạo cao, các quyết định có tính chất lựa chọn chiến lược:
Tổ chức phát triển sản phẩm mới trên cơ sở áp dụng các kĩ thuật QFD, hợp tác với khách hàng và nhà cung cấp; phát triển công nghệ độc quyền, cải tiến công nghệ quá trình chế tạo.
– Nhóm 4: Kết quả hoạt động. Các chỉ tiêu đánh giá kết quả hoạt động theo các tiêu chí chất lượng, giá thành, thời gian, tốc độ, mức độ linh hoạt, tính đổi mới sáng tạo…, trên cơ sở so sánh tương đối với đối thủ cạnh tranh cùng phân khúc thị trường.
Các kết quả hoạt động đồng thời phải hướng đến phát triển bền vững về mặt kinh tế, môi trường, xã hội. Do đó, các chỉ số về an toàn nghề nghiệp, môi trường, mức độ hài lòng của người lao động cũng phải được chú trọng.
(Tài liệu tham khảo: Một số nghiên cứu quốc tế và gợi ý cho Việt Nam về hệ thống sản xuất hiệu suất cao tại các doanh nghiệp sản xuất chế tạo, TS. Phan Chí Anh, TS. Nguyễn Thu Hà, Tạp chí Công thương, 2017)
Whether it s a talisman or a seal, it s ten years or twenty years. Before I leave Huanghua Temple tonight, I can help you with copying and writing.What s the truth Ye Yunyun asked doubtfully, Isn t it a reason to learn about boxing in the same place and hone one s martial arts Opportunities are rare.
The slightly cross eyed Yu leaned back, his body slipped and he collapsed. Leaning on the chair, he took a long breath and said, Shu Tan, I will make a few chairs like this in the future.Otherwise, during the ten person battle, when Yu Zhenyi came down from the mountain as an immortal, Zhong Qiu would actually have broken through the invisible bottleneck of heaven and earth and been able to ascend to the golden realm.
It s all about Tongyezhou s feng shui and customs, and it s all about Tongyezhou s troubled times. All the subtleties of beauty and dedication have long been crushed by the turbulent force.In order to stabilize the destiny of the mountains and rivers as soon as possible, the Zhongtu Confucian Temple has promoted some of the former sect candidates to the sect, as the teacher said, exceptional promotion.
There is thunder in the middle of the night, the sky is spinning, and the poor old man has trouble sleeping.Monk, since Chen Pingan has not returned to his hometown for too many years, he has not actually recorded it in the Landscape Genealogy Book in the Jise Peak Patriarch Hall, so he has to make up for it today.
Blinking her eyes, she stamped her foot again and said to herself I was out of my mind at that time. It s also because of the heavy snowfall in Mirage City every year.After all, the territory of Yulong Sect was peaceful and there were no hidden dangers. I took the juniors of my sect on a long trip to the sea and visited Luhua Island to see if I could meet any opportunities along the way.
Wu Shuangjiang s life as a Taoist is full of legend. Therefore, among the ten young candidates, the lucky one with the same surname Wu will take advantage and gain the reputation of Big and Small Wu.You don t have to agree when it comes to boxing. The third time is a reminder that you can only do three things.
Just the reform of the military system and the establishment of a total of eighty six generals on various routes within a country have already caused turmoil.Chen Ping an was young and energetic, but ended up treating himself like Ding Ying. Liu Zong didn t think he had any chance of winning.
But Qi Jingchun doesn t want to settle accounts like this, so what can outsiders do Cui Dongshan did not believe in evil at that time, but became a stranger inside and outside.The infatuated kind are really like minded, so after going back and forth, Liu Xianyang became friends with the first class family member in Luzhou, Beiju.
From then on, she was worried about gains and losses, and she almost disappeared. The name that I had completely forgotten just kept spinning in my mind again, just like Brother Guo was ogling the blind man.The third floor of the Ten Realms, full of energy, return to true nature, and reach the gods. Climb high and look down, overlooking the distance.
Old Jindan of Luhua Island was slightly surprised, Didn t Lu Jianxian die in the war The young man seemed to regret that his words would be missed, and he stopped talking.When the shopkeeper Shi Rou arrived, his boy named Ah Ma was weighing his money bag to choose pastries.
After worrying about the three dreams in the Creation Cave, he asked about the situation in his first dream after waking up.If Mr. Xun is still here, I have to grab it with you. By the way , Mr. Xun asked me to tell you something at the end of the last meeting at the Shenzhuan Peak Patriarch Hall.
It would be best to be able to form a continuous area. If not, just look for a few vassal enclaves in Aquarius Continent.The Bamboo Emperor suddenly asked, There seems to be some unusual movement over at Dali Longzhou, especially at the Niujiao Mountain Ferry The Xu family of Qingfeng City bought a dragon kiln from the Ma family in Xinghua Lane.
Since you don t understand it at all, you are not here to discuss knowledge, so today s matchmaking must be something else.As for Senior Xiaolongqiu Yuanying, I will help you mediate, and I will never let him do anything to you.
After the blessed land, travel north faster. The only thing more famous than Jiang Shangzhen s ability to kill an immortal with a willow leaf and the romantic affairs of the head of the Jiang family is probably his ability to escape.Although Zhang Jiazhen is the young accountant of Quan Mansion, in fact, it is Zhang Jiazhen who has assisted in the classification of these files and information for so many years.
After that, looking at Cui Dongshan one by one was almost like looking at the God of Plague. Then Yu Qingzhang couldn t stand it. After a few years in the mountains , there was the old fashioned Bai Xuan with long eyes and forehead.But in the Duke s Mansion, there is still the Duke Gao Shizhen, who is unaware of it. In the Taoist temple, there will still be Liu Mao, who is obsessed with alchemy and immortality.
Liu Zong had two biggest itches in his life. The first one was that the Arm Saint Cheng Yuanshan once said in his hometown that he would not replace the boning knife that was so easy to use without getting a refiner from the Immortal Family Magic Sword.Cheng Chaolu hurriedly ran to open the door. It was the Nalan Jade Certificate. She elbowed the little fat man away and let her close the door.
Chen Pingan looked at Peixiang, and the Lord of the Fox Country immediately stood up on his own initiative.Although martial arts fights and immortal battles are now common under the Baopingzhou Mountains, after twenty years, habits have become natural and it is still difficult to change them.
Chen Pingan smiled and said, So what does His Majesty the Emperor mean Liu Qingfeng said, So His Majesty the Emperor hopes that Master Chen Shan can also serve as the Forest Deer of Piyun Mountain.Liu Zhiqing from Golden Crow Palace and Xu Xingjiu from Yunshang City were both sitting near Liu Jinglong.
After another quarter of an hour, the communication in Lan Yuanzhou s hand finally lit up.It seems that there are many, many things in this world that are beyond my control, so I must pay more attention in the future.
When they saw three lights and shadows, all the people watching the ceremony were stunned.After Shao Nan left that year.An Xiaoshan and the others also left the sect to practice together, but An Xiaoshan and the others did not leave Qingzhou.
With the precedent of Zhenjun Duan Hui, when Shao Nan yelled, the five Zhenjuns all moved sideways at the same time, dodging the attack behind them.Even in the Sacred Fire Glazed Tile Sect where the volcano is all over the place, it will not be easily melted by the snow.
The formation discs in the hands of the three Void Returning Masters continuously absorb the power of flames from the formation, and then transform them into purple, blue and red rays of light, and then fight against the magma that is constantly flowing upstream.Must get out of here as soon as possible.Shao Nan and the others did not return directly to the Sacred Fire Glazed Tile School.
Shao Nan only had contact with the two sects once during the Immortal Ascension Conference, and later when the treasure near Deyuan Town was born, there was only one contact.Master Fengliang s escape speed has indeed increased a lot.
Besides , with her strength of building a perfect foundation, there shouldn t be any great danger.Any one of these three people is a first class fire control genius.
That s right One year, when we get there, who knows what will change.Xinghuo Dafu was the last to come in, pointing to the magma lake in front of him and said.
The hastily erected protective cover seemed extremely fragile, and it didn t last long before it shattered with a snap.When Xie De handed over the authority of the formation to Shao Nan, True Monarch Jin Hong immediately noticed it and started to attack frantically.
I think it may have been played to death by you.Xiaocao er said helplessly.To be continued.Chapter 474 Xinghuo Dayou Qingyan Zhenzun is responsible for distributing prizes, and Shao Nan and other thousand fire controlling geniuses are directly taken away by Xinghuo to participate in the so called finals.
When he saw Shao Nan, his eyes were full of admiration and he rushed over.But Wuling Fenghuo is more powerful and rare.Five phoenixes with different flame attributes must fall in the same place to be born, which is far more rare than other flames, and the power of the five spirit phoenix fire is unimaginably powerful.
But at that time, the array was only used as a support, and Shao Nan didn t feel that strong yet.It is estimated that the degree of purity of true energy is unimaginable.
Although An Xiaoshan is a rare genius, she went out to practice, but it didn t worry the elders too much.No matter what, Shenmeng Restaurant has the shadow of Zihuang.
Even so, Shao Nan still did not stop his upward steps.Brother, do I have to learn the sword skills in the storage bracelet Originally, Shao Nan planned to ask Zi Huang directly if this was a test, but seeing Zi Huang s expression, he immediately changed his tune.
Could it be that Shao Nan is really trying to escape the test On the last day of the Flame of Anger test, Fan Tianyou, who had attracted much attention, came to the test stele first.After so much, I was finally able to take a break.Especially in the past six months on Jiuli Mountain.
After closing the last jade bamboo slip, Shao Nan let out a long breath.However, Shao Nan today is not the same as back then, and with the help of formations, it is really hard to say who will win and who will lose.
And.Even if it is the Four Nine Heavens Tribulation, there are only seven thunder balls, and there will be no nine thunder balls at all.We have no way to entertain you now.Elder Jin Dan from the Nangong family will come over in a while.
That s right This time, my goal is to rank first in the third level of illusion Joseph shouted proudly.You mean, let the three Void Returners take the blame That s right It was the three of them who were supposed to be the scapegoat.
What Shaonan can rely on is Xinghuo Shinichi and the other three.Not only intentionally or unintentionally, before Shao Nan left Desang City, the entire Desang City knew that the former genius Alan was going to leave Bibo Huanyue Island and enter the sea to find opportunities.
Shao Nan is now a little fortunate to have arranged the formation to isolate the consciousness to check in advance.The Fenglei Wuding Sect that Jian Aoshan belongs to is actually mostly Fenglei attributes.
The zhenqi of the Tianyuan Dao Jue naturally blocked the magma from the qi shield, but the zhenqi was consumed too fast.This is exactly the eye of confusion in the inheritance of the Dayan Golden Immortal Formation Any formation will be invisible in the eyes of Mi Wang, of course, the premise is that the opponent s formation is not as good as Shaonan.
This is the result of Shao Nan s hard work.To be continued.Of course, Shao Nan didn t know that the Huanhai Cave Mansion had actually surfaced, and it was in Beihai.
Lan Yin said bitterly.What charades are you two playing What is the bad news Tell me quickly.Because the general fire control technique, condensed into a flying sword, is a highly condensed flame, and no one can do anything in the fire sword.
Gu Ruoyi sat up, then took the potato chips placed on the table and ate two pieces.Li, concentrate The night was still very long, and Gu Ruoyi fell into a deep sleep from exhaustion.
Ye Zixiu was stunned for a moment, then turned around in surprise and looked at Gu Ruoyi, Sister in law Are you also here to buy daily necessities for Xiao Chen Well, Xiao Chen s milk powder is ready to be finished, so how many more are there Jar.After hearing this, Tang Yu panicked and hurriedly explained Mr.
It was really weird. Bai Feifei stomped her feet twice in anger, snorted, stepped on her white high heels, and left.It s not that she thinks Xiaojie is bad, it s just that Xiaojie s love for Xinran is too fragile and he doesn t have any trust.
explanation of Li Shaoting let go of the woman. This woman s current ability simply cannot afford to drive such a luxury car.Your mommy is very tired, so you can t go up and disturb her.
Now that I think about it, I was really hopelessly stupid back then.And Gu Ruoyi shook twice and hit the floor heavily.
She was the woman he bumped into at the banquet. Unlike the female celebrities around her, she looked dignified, elegant, and girlish.It was a video, but I don t know who took the video.
He thinks that his wife and Han Liunian appear here because they are secretly dating, and Miss Mu and Xiaojie have an unforgettable old relationship, and the other misses them deeply, so they are two talented people.Mr. Li, you re here A lazy voice that seemed to be smiling but not smiling floated from not far away.
Even if he believed in Chen, he still felt that it was not the right taste.Okay, I ll make arrangements for you right now Lin Yan also walked nervously to the side and called to make arrangements.
When he looked at the mother of the child again, he was still amazed by her beautiful appearance.This time, you should believe it, right Xiaochen looked at the proudly showing off woman in front of him and felt very angry.
Li, everything I said is true. I really didn t lie to you.After getting into the car, the person inside threw a cooperation plan to the other side.
When the men outside didn t say anything, she couldn t offer to move in with them.What s the matter You ask Huangfu Ling poured himself a glass of red wine, and also poured a glass for her, symbolically handing it to her.
Look, I won t prick him twice with a needle The woman was furious, then walked up to Bai Luo and glared at Bai Luo angrily, Don t think that because you are handsome, I will let you go As she said that, the woman took out the key.If Xin Ran suddenly disappears from Xiao Min, she should be very worried The little guy shook his head, and when he invited Xiao Min to come, he didn t call Xiao Min s mother I didn t know Xiao Min s mother s phone number, so I didn t call her to tell her that Xiao Min was visiting my house.
The thing she feared most has happened She had planned to go back and take a look tomorrow, but this happened at this time Huangfu Ling lowered his head and saw Gu Ruoyi s looming beauty.Instead, he grabbed her hand, intertwined their fingers, and put it to his lips gently.
She felt a little nervous and scared, fearing that the man would hold a knife from behind and put it at her waist.Covering yourself She felt a little surprised This woman looks like she hates herself.
Li Shaoting s hand with clear knuckles kept tapping on the table, raising an evil arc, and counted three.I m wondering, is my Mrs. Li kind hearted or good at winning people s hearts Li Shaoting asked with interest.
When he heard the knock on the door, he answered without raising his head, Come in Yan, I heard that my mother is awake.Walking to the door, Ye Zixiu glanced at Mu Xinran again and left the ward.
Not to mention, there are still a few bodyguards watching outside.
Pei Min, a member of the same path, ignored him and directly cultivated his realm with the Ascension Sword, choosing to kill himself with one sword.Also, I bought it from Baihua Paradise. Bring the raw flower brush and the ink ingot for calligraphy and painting together.
Qi, but she did not tell Liu Xianyang. Liu Xianyang handed over a handful of melon seeds, and Ruan Xiu shook his head.The top of the mountain has been frozen for decades with heavy snow. But from then on, she also had inner demons. In the last retreat when she was trying to break the bottleneck of Yuanying, she became obsessed and was killed by the sword cultivator of the Zhengyang Mountain Ancestral Master Hall.
Can we get out of trouble safely and return to our hometown to establish a sect Fortunately, these are all chess game replays.A young Taoist walked out of the pure practice room, wearing a far traveling crown, holding a fly whisk in his hand, and walking on cloud shoes.
It seems that he just went out to relax. Chen Ping an was a little confused. Liu Qian was about to speak but stopped. Chen Pingan said, There is nothing that cannot be said.The apprenticeship ceremony requires the disciple to kowtow and the master to drink tea. After accepting apprentices with his disciple Pei Qian, Chen Pingan drank a cup of tea under the Zhao tree and a cup of tea from Zhou Junchen.
Pei Qian originally wanted to stand behind his master, but Chen Pingan rushed him to sit down. Chen Pingan glanced at Pei Qian, who was sitting upright.There are quite a few. Just like tonight, His Highness s words are very particular. The ants and the earthworms echo each other, and Chen Jianxian and the tolerance are in contrast.
Chen Ping an looked at the green ox and felt dazed for a moment, and was stunned for a long time, because if he remembered correctly, when Zhao Yao left Lizhu Cave, he was riding a wooden ox cart.Lu Ying did not care about this, whether it was a taboo, and wanted to use this to determine the identity of Cao Dakeqing.
When you get money, For the sake of profit, for pragmatism, for the advancement of the realm, for the sake of me one day being the truth.The martial artist at Lion Peak asked for four extremely weird fairy talismans. He looked at a light talisman, but it was actually very heavy.
I don t have any instructions. When you get to Luopo Mountain, I will definitely support you in being a worshipper.One was Zhu Lian s big head, and the other was the silver lotus Taoist crown. He had both martial luck and immortality. When Ding Ying The baby died and eventually passed into the hands of Yu Zhenyi.
Next rest. Chen Pingan did not leave the house immediately, but Yao Xianzhi took his sister and left first.The young man in white lowered his head and murmured, The human heart is like running water, so we use the moon in the water as a boat.
After opening the door, he took the children and walked off the ferry. Looking back, Huang Lin seemed to be waiting for him to look back, and immediately greeted him with a smile.Cheng Chaolu took a deep breath, recited a few boxing techniques silently in his mind, made thousands of punches and punches, and then came out with a move.
whatever, forget it, let s fight later. The little fat man stomped on the ground hard, the fist poles under his feet were like winding snakes, then he kicked off the ground again, jumped up high, raised his arms, full of strength, the force was like thunder, and a slash came out like a whip.
Subconsciously, Ning Yao thought he was trapped on the ferry. But then she thought about it, the Great Sword Qi Wall and the wild world couldn t trap him, how could he be detained by a ferry that was pretending to be a ghost Where is that guy not at home But she was still a little worried since she had never seen him in person.
He turned his head and spoke silently, These were not words from the heart, but he opened his mouth slightly, smiled and said two words, coward.The old blind man pointed to his eyes. The eye sockets were sunken and there were no eyeballs. If a cultivator in the upper five realms under the Ascension Realm dares to use his magical power and look directly at this place, his soul will probably fall into the bottomless abyss on the spot, his soul will be stripped off, and he will be reduced to a person without a master, just a skinned puppet.
At the border, if the young foreigner hadn t passed by and saved the old general Yao Zhen from the assassins of the Northern Jin Dynasty, naturally there would have been no chance of him joining the capital as Minister of War, let alone Yao Jinzhi marrying into the emperor s family.Zhenzhu Mountain was the place where the real dragon lived in the past. The title of Li Zhu is located, so Longxu River is indeed a veritable Dragon Beard.
The children s names are confusing to the seniority, whether they call them high or low, the elders will not care.Zheng Qian regarded him as his disciple, but unfortunately the little girl remained unmoved. This girl named Zheng Qian is amazing. She doesn t say the origin of her boxing skills, but she is a crazy woman who seems to be obsessed with martial arts.
Shengyue was a little happy, and eager to try it, My tea making skills are actually better. It s average, but the cooking is really good. You can use local ingredients on this Taoye Ferry.Soaring to the sky, once it lands in Mirage City, not to mention that the city is broken into pieces like paper strips, and the bodies and souls of ordinary people are shattered.
Luopo Mountain is where Zushan Mountain is located, Aoyu Bei has been rented to Liu Daozhu, Zhenzhu Mountain is too small, Niujiao Mountain is the ferry of Xianjia, and Hongxia is already under the Yellow Lake Mountain.Ruan Xiu did not sit on the bamboo chairs, but moved a stool from inside the house and sat down, saying softly Congratulations on reaching the Nascent Soul Realm.
But the current Shanshui Mansion is still in a troubled situation. Otherwise, no one over at Xingting would say anything stupid about the ban on mountains and rivers.Chen Pingan asked This war Jiang Shangzhen said Wanyao Sect is collecting At the official stage, he has contributed a lot.
Cao, please thank Mr. Lu for me. If you don t have the Forgettable Pill for the time being, you can refine it in the Qinghu Palace in the future.Pei Min said The first sword is connected. The Galaxy Sword Formation was smashed. The old man stopped in the air, and condensed the remaining spiritual energy between heaven and earth into a long sword again.
Jiuhou of the three mountains. In the Authentic Book of Alchemy , the further you go to the back, the more comments Li Xisheng has, explaining the exquisite scientific rituals and taboos of landscapes.Song Jixin nodded and said, For the sake of a brand new booklet from the Old Dragon City Mansion, I will open this for you.
The key is that the old blind man has been blind for thousands of years. He has only been bullying his loyal family members for thousands of years.The second incident is that the young martial artist Zhao Shuxia also became a disciple of Chen Pingan and officially became another direct disciple of the mountain master Chen Pingan.
Shao Yunyan, the Sword Immortal of Chunbanzhai, explained with a smile Mr. Lu, in fact, scholars in China are not all motivated like this.It was as if he had been struck by five thunders too many times today. The little Jindan couldn t bear it anymore. Jiang Shangzhen had no choice but to teach the secret technique of Jade Guizong s swearing.
In troubled times, it will be very meaningful, but it may not be very interesting. Grand Ancestor Jiang asked, I know very well that the literary fortunes of this Qi Jingchun are just a cover up for you to embroider tigers.How about Pei Min s swordsmanship Jiang Shangzhen was shocked when he received Cui Dongshan s flying sword message earlier, Come to Mirage City quickly.
He has spent real money and almost half of his family fortune. The monks have not lost much. Chen Ping an smiled and said With good eyesight and great courage, no wonder I dare to take the idea of Taipingshan.