Chưa thấy “bóng dáng” thị trường khoa học công nghệ cho dệt may
Muốn giữ chân khách hàng truyền thống, mở rộng thị trường, tham gia sâu vào chuỗi cung ứng toàn cầu, các doanh nghiệp cần bắt kịp xu thế thị trường, đầu tư máy móc hiện đại, đổi mới công nghệ… song đây vẫn đang là những bài toán cần lời giải của ngành dệt may Việt Nam…
Tại “Hội nghị khoa học toàn quốc về dệt may và da giày lần thứ 3” do Câu lạc bộ Khoa học Dệt may và Da giày Việt Nam tổ chức ngày 20/10, PGS.TS. Phan Thanh Thảo, Viện trưởng Viện Dệt May, Da giầy và Thời trang cho rằng năm 2021, mặc dù chịu ảnh hưởng nặng nề của đại dịch Covid-19, ngành dệt may, da giày đã vượt lên khó khăn, duy trì đà tăng trưởng tốt với kim ngạch xuất khẩu dệt may đạt 40,4 tỷ USD kim ngạch xuất khẩu, tăng 14,8% và kim ngạch xuất khẩu da giầy đạt 20,7 tỷ USD, tăng 4,6% so với 2020.
1. Chưa tập trung đổi mới công nghệ
Đặc biệt, dù là ngành dệt may có kim ngạch xuất khẩu chỉ đứng thứ 4 trong các ngành, nhưng thặng dư thương mại dệt may luôn đứng vị trí thứ nhất. Đơn cử, ngay năm 2021, con số thặng dư đạt khoảng 20 tỷ USD. Tỷ lệ nội địa hóa đã tăng lên 57% trong 8 tháng năm 2022.
Ông Cao Hữu Hiếu, Tổng Giám đốc Tập đoàn dệt may Việt Nam (Vinatex) nhận định, để có những thành quả khả quan trong một giai đoạn diễn biến phức tạp như thời gian qua, bên cạnh việc làm tốt những hoạt động như quản trị sản xuất, công tác thị trường,… chính việc áp dụng những thành tựu khoa học công nghệ, triển khai sáng kiến đã giúp doanh nghiệp duy trì sản xuất, tăng năng suất, chất lượng, vượt khó thành công.
Có thể kể đến những công nghệ như: sử dụng máy móc thiết bị tự động, số hóa từng công đoạn sản xuất, tăng cường sử dụng các phần mềm để giao dịch với khách hàng, thiết kế sản phẩm, chuyển giao mẫu cho khách hàng theo hình thức trực tuyến,…
Mặc dù vậy, bức tranh trình độ công nghệ và tốc độ đổi mới công nghệ của ngành dệt may Việt Nam được các ý kiến đánh giá vẫn chưa sáng.
TS.Hoàng Xuân Hiệp, Hiệu trưởng Trường Đại học công nghiệp dệt may Hà Nội dẫn số liệu phân tích của Bộ Khoa học Công nghệ cho thấy, việc ứng dụng công nghệ cảm biến, công nghệ sử dụng các thiết bị di động trong điều hành quản trị đang được dùng tương đối phổ biến trong ngành dệt may, nhưng cũng chỉ ở mức 3,25 trên thang đo 5, công nghệ robot cũng chỉ ở mức 2,6.
Tốc độ đổi mới công nghệ trung bình giai đoạn 2016-2020 là 12,47%, nhưng chỉ số này không đạt chỉ tiêu của Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ đặt ra là 15-20%. “Đây chính là bài toán đòi hỏi ngành cần tập trung giải quyết”, ông Hiệp nêu vấn đề.
Một con số nữa cũng đáng quan tâm, đó là về mức độ hiện đại của thiết bị, thì ngành sợi có mức độ hiện đại cao nhất nhưng cũng chỉ 3,01/thang đo 5. Còn ngành dệt ở mức rất thấp, chỉ là 2 – dưới trung bình.
Về tốc độ đổi mới: tính sẵn sàng cho những công nghệ mới ở ngành sợi cao nhất là 3,02; ngành nhuộm thấp nhất là 2,3, ngành may 2,85.
Một lần nữa ông Hiệp nhấn mạnh: “Nếu chúng ta không tập trung vào khoa học công nghệ thì sẽ không thúc đẩy được sức cạnh tranh của ngành dệt may”.
2. Cần gỡ những rào cản
Những hạn chế trên theo ông Hiệp là do các yếu tố về chính sách cản trở sự phát triển công nghệ phục vụ cho ngành dệt may tham gia vào chuỗi cung ứng toàn cầu.
Doanh nghiệp dệt may khó tiếp cận dữ liệu về nguồn cung công nghệ trong nước và quốc tế do Việt Nam chưa hình thành và phát triển tổ chức trung gian riêng của thị trường khoa học công nghệ cho ngành dệt may. Dẫn tới bất cập lớn là doanh nghiệp muốn tiếp cận công nghệ mới cũng không biết đến đâu tìm, hay có sản phẩm cũng không biết quảng bá, bán ở đâu.
Ngoài ra, chúng ta chưa tổ chức được hệ thống cơ sở dữ liệu về phía cung và cầu khoa học công nghệ cho ngành. Việc xúc tiến thị trường khoa học và công nghệ của ngành cũng chưa được triển khai đáng kể tại Việt Nam do chưa có nhiều hoạt động xúc tiến thương mại như hội chợ, triển lãm về kết quả nghiên cứu khoa học trong lĩnh vực này. Cũng chưa có nhiều dự án, chương trình hợp tác, chia sẻ chuyên gia, kết nối chuyển giao công nghệ giữa doanh nghiệp với đối tác công nghệ trong và ngoài nước.
Hơn nữa, việc kết nối giữa doanh nghiệp dệt may với các trung tâm nghiên cứu khoa học, Viện nghiên cứu còn rất hạn chế. Nguyên nhân do thiếu chuyên gia kết nối, chính sách của nhà nước chưa khuyến khích các viện nghiên cứu, trường, doanh nghiệp làm việc này…
Bên cạnh đó, các chính sách nhà nước liên quan đến việc thương mại hoá các sản phẩm khoa học công nghệ là tài sản công còn nhiều vướng mắc. Cụ thể, rất khó để định giá tài sản công trước khi thương mại hoá theo quy định. Hay luật yêu cầu hoàn trả phần đầu tư của nhà nước cho nghiên cứu sẽ gây rủi ro cao với doanh nghiệp.
Các chính sách ưu đãi thuế, vốn vay, hạ tầng kỹ thuật cho các dự án công nghệ cao hầu như chưa được quan tâm đúng mức. Trong khi đó, các doanh nghiệp dệt may Việt Nam yếu về vốn, công nghệ. Nhà nước lại chưa có chính sách hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp dệt may trong việc giảm thuế, ưu đãi lãi vay khi đầu tư công nghệ hiện đại…
Do đó, để thúc đẩy ứng dụng công nghệ hiện đại vào ngành dệt may, nhằm nâng cao sức cạnh tranh của ngành trong chuỗi cung ứng, ông Hiệp kiến nghị, cần thành lập các khu công nghiệp dệt may lớn với diện tích từ 500ha trở lên, đồng bộ về công nghệ sản xuất cũng như xử lý môi trường hiện đại.
Chính phủ cần thiết kế các chính sách ưu đãi về thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp, lãi vay… cho các dự án đầu tư công nghệ của cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0 trong lĩnh vực dệt may.
Đồng thời nghiên cứu thành lập tổ chức trung gian của thị trường khoa học công nghệ cho ngành dệt may. Hỗ trợ doanh nghiệp dệt may thành lập các trung tâm đổi mới sáng tạo ở 3 miền Bắc, Trung, Nam và kết nối, chia sẻ dữ liệu giữa các trung tâm.
Đặc biệt, vấn đề dự báo, đánh giá được nhu cầu và khả năng cung ứng công nghệ trong ngành dệt may trong giai đoạn 2022 -2030 ông Hiệp cho rằng rất quan trọng. Cùng với đó, cần thiết lập mạng lưới chuyên gia tư vấn, hỗ trợ doanh nghiệp tiếp cận thông tin, đầu tư, chuyển giao công nghệ. Mạng lưới này gồm các chuyên gia giỏi đến từ các Viện nghiên cứu, trường đại học, kỹ sư giàu kinh nghiệm…
Relying on the fact that Lingfu Sect is stronger than me in Qingluan Pavilion, he often bullies my female disciples in Qinglan Pavilion and even kidnaps them back to be his concubine.The level of spiritual insects like the Wine Bee is not particularly high, and the difficulty of transformation is no less difficult than that of monks outside to advance to the Nascent Soul.
This is not surprising. No matter how powerful the One Horned Ghost King is, he is only a third level Nascent Soul cultivator.There is a chance of winning in a two on one situation.
He had to find a special place to put it. Finally, the One horned Ghost King placed it in the practice room deep in the mansion.If it annoys If he killed the people in front of him, Tianjiazhuang might be in danger of annihilation.
Although this one is more powerful, it is also the last thunder tribulation.also getting bigger and bigger, and finally there was a click, the black cocoon completely cracked, and a black insect crawled out from it.
Master Lingxue and Master Lingxu would definitely launch all their efforts to investigate, but now they don t know whether Master Lingxue is alive or dead, Lingxu The young master also White Widow Autoflowering CBD feminized marijuana strain by Dinafem [QsNjYv6wHX3]
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The remaining people not only have to deal with the ghost eating flowers, but also block them.It is relatively high and can only be used at critical times.
He revealed that his cultivation in the foundation building period did not even leave this kid behind.Although the fighting method of ghost cultivators was slightly different from that of human monks, the strength of both sides was still there.
Even if he can t use his full strength, it won t be easy to deal with it.The Liu and Gui families were naturally happy to see someone cause trouble for the Yang family, but they did not expect that the person causing trouble for the [ LOCALIZED FAT LOSS ] - HOW TO LOSE FAT FROM SPECIFIC AREAS [RJq5iD2obGN]
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directly.They knew that they would definitely have to face him this time, so how could they not make some preparations It was precisely because the Long Eyebrow Ghost King understood this that he asked the giant Ghost King that question.
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Tian Dazhuang, You don t want to cause trouble, we people have too much time to take care of ourselves, how can we have time to mind other people s business This group of people all have the surname Tian.Qingyang was watching from the side, with a look of shock on his face.
In this way, the whole thing was straightened out. After this kid escaped from his hands, he improved his cultivation incognito.The level is completely incomparable to what it was back then.
Qingyang looked around, but found nothing unusual and couldn t find the source of the pressure.Everyone had nothing against them overthrowing the Blood Demon Sect and rebuilding the immortal sect.
They were all a thick branch below, with a few thick leaves around them.
If these many powers are fully released, they can help you break the door.But immediately a loud noise broke all suspense blood spurted from Wu Xuanxi s mouth and his eyes bulged.
So far, we have not been able to get a full picture of it, which is due to various reasons.However, once these two brilliant signs of mana were dispersed, they seemed to have made incredibly low level mistakes the direction of the attack was a little crooked He passed two huge golden monuments and tried to catch up, but it was too late.
The dripping water image quickly grew in size and deformed flat, becoming a mirror like surface.Two rays of light, one white and one yellow, struck left and right.
Gui Wujiu s eyes moved and he said My disciple also thought of it success is not hindered, it is the timing.At that time, the Xuanxiao tribe almost unified the entire Zhulu Sea, and its prosperity was unprecedented in the entire Cangming realm but everything came to an abrupt end with the sudden death of Xu Muyin, and the power under its jurisdiction also shrunk greatly, until several years later , just now to stabilize the position.
If your Qihua Xuanzong disciples enter the realm, they will be obviously ahead.What method was used I know
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Luo Ruoxi reacted. The soul contract binds the master and the servant.
Because Lin Yi s concealment techniques were also very clever they used the sect suppressing treasures of several sects and calculated it three times, but it was only a Chinese style one.If an ordinary person takes action, once the magical power is released, its power will be fixed and at this moment, all subtle improvements depend on the power of the four image formation of the Only Self Mahayana Sutra.
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Suddenly. Everything here, except Gui Wujiu and Qin Menglin s body, seemed to have cracks.Seeing Xi Lerong s slight surprise, Yu Li seemed to become rare and considerate, and explained Achievements are determined by your position in the chess game, and the will of God and people s hearts.
But the thoughts of the Nine Sects are more than a hundred times heavier than the others It s just that this battle is so mysterious that the outcome is beyond the judgment of the Nine Sects.Instead, it appears to be plain and obscure, just like the smoke.
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Gui Wujiu asked, When are you going Jiang Minyi took a deep breath, and the brilliance in her eyes seemed to become brighter, but her voice was still low pitched Now.
it s not a problem at all to hit a few arrows. If it were Freya, it would be even more exaggerated.Please don t blame me It s so scary Zhao Hao, who traveled far away, looked at the huge skeleton giant , I feel that the opponent s Are You Itching on a Ketogenic Diet? – Dr. Berg on Keto Rash [J9VePytdYuF]
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Because it s not just damage, but also calculation of power crushing under the terrifying power gap.Yes. Of course, their appearance was too conspicuous and they were disguised with fashion.
These hundreds of heavy duty carriages alone showed how powerful the Kunpeng Chamber of Commerce was, at least far beyond that of the Star Language Chamber of Commerce.ps The forgery can only be used once. Due to the special blessing, the soul of the deceased will be purified.
Not busy using it yet, Zhao Hao looked at another palm sized shield.Normally, you can sell it for tens of thousands of gold coins per ton.
Qin An is only 16 years old this year. He is Qin Hu s personal book boy.Facing the little monster lord who was getting closer and closer, he launched the shadow shuttle spell The body disappeared in place.
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Uh huh Those cut man eating vines began to grow from the broken places and quickly returned to their original state.Both are means, but they are very different. The former is commercial means, the latter is force.
Just when he chose to retreat, Bourbon s expression changed drastically.This time it was not a sheep attack, but an all out attack.
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If thousands of wood elves gathered fire, he would also stay away.After all, the fewer the nests, the fewer the guards.
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He looked up at the indifferent eyes under Gui Che s mask, as if he had thought of something and said, I owe you a life, you can ask for it at any time Trading one life for the blood of beasts is completely complete.Insect, I said I would crush you to death and put your soul on the flames of hell for ten thousand years.
The Silver Pegasus fought upwards along the passage of the city wall, preparing to destroy the war machinery, leaving the battlefield at the city gate to Zhao Hao.But after the old Marquis died, Chen Guogong turned against him and became ruthless.
Let s go to the Giant Snake Tribe Zhao Hao looked at the totem pole that he had put in his inventory with satisfaction.After all, the risk of operating in the core place of the Holy Temple Church, Paradise Mountain, is indeed high.
They do not have the advantage of players being able to learn spells instantly as long as they meet the learning conditions.
If the Soul Gathering Plate is damaged, his cultivation will be in trouble.As long as the physical body is strong enough, he can forcefully break out of the Electric Light cage.
limit. Under normal circumstances, an accuracy of 1 nanometer is sufficient.Even if the chance of promotion to a great power is extremely low, to an outrageous level, as long as there is a glimmer of hope, the monks will have the motivation to move forward.
In the past, when he used the Chaos Sword Intent , he had to deliberately increase his attack power before he could kill several hell creatures with one blow.The teams of each super power are arranged in a parallel manner.
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cave that has been sealed for thousands of years.In the computer room space, his degree of control reached 1 nanometer, which completely overturned his original design of the Four Characters and One Sword.
Lingbaoxing did not recall even a single sword. He inspired the fourth grade sword base and pierced the body of the guarding monk with one sword.Lou Wu, are you willing to join my sect Li Yuanba looked at Lou Wu and asked.
There are spiritual objects in the trial space that can improve your cultivation, and there are also materials for refining flying swords.Each brain has an independent spell casting ability.
Even if the energy needed by these hell creatures is evil energy, there must be enough evil energy source to supply the hell creatures.They recognized the origin of the flying sand. It was the Samadhi Divine Wind , a magical power of Sword Intent Chongxiao Pavilion.
Just when Tan Xian was about to say something more, suddenly a mountain peak appeared above them.Senior Wu Li Yuanba saw a familiar figure and shouted in surprise.
This batch of spiritual objects are used to refine the golden corpse in the later stage.Xue Huan s attack movements stopped. He did not expect that he would be hurt by Li Yuanba.
This is respect for the powerful and powerful, and also awe for the sword master.The last lightning struck the soil layer. The soil layer absorbed the lightning energy, turned from soft to hard, and finally turned into fragments like the rock layer.
The time saved in this period is that Li Shiming has obtained the Phoenix alchemy inheritance and improved in alchemy.Even if Brother Zhao Qingfeng was seriously injured, he could easily kill Li Shiming.
As for the voyage ships There is research. He also had a deeper understanding of the strength of Li Shiming, the master of alchemy.These things are given to you too Li Shiming took out another soul crystal ring and said.
