Những khó khăn và đặc thù trong việc nâng cao năng suất ngành may
1. Những đặc thù trong sản xuất của ngành may
Bao gồm nhiều khâu nối tiếp nhau theo kiểu dây chuyền (mua hay nhận nguyên phụ liệu – chuẩn bị sản xuất – cắt – may – hoàn tất, đóng gói). Bên trong mỗi khâu lớn nói trên cũng là những dây chuyền: thí dụ khâu may bao gồm nhiều bước công việc may, tạo thành dây chuyền; khâu cắt bao gồm những công việc như trải vải, cắt, đánh số, kiểm tra, bó hàng … cũng mang tính chất sản xuất dây chuyền,
Sản xuất ngành may mang tính phức tạp cao. Đối với áo jacket phức tạp, số lượng bước công việc có thể lên đến vài trăm, còn thông thường, khoảng vài chục đến trên dưới một trăm bước công việc, với số người tham gia sản xuất lên đến hàng chục người.
Sản xuất ngành may sử dụng một số lượng chủng loại nguyên phụ liệu rất lớn. Số lượng loại nguyên phụ liệu dùng cho một sản phẩm may có thể tính bằng hàng chục và chúng khác nhau thậm chí trong cùng một sản phẩm, nhưng có kích cỡ và màu sắc khác nhau. Do vậy, việc kiểm soát tình trạng vật tư là vấn đề phức tạp. Thường gặp trong sản xuất ngành may là tình trạng không đồng bộ (không đủ) nguyên phụ liệu khi đưa vào sản xuất.
Chất lượng của nguyên phụ liệu không ổn định cũng là một vấn đề làm giảm năng suất sản xuất ngành may. Khổ vải không đồng đều, lỗi vải cao, khác màu vải…… đều là những nguyên nhân gây giảm năng suất và chất lượng sản phẩm may.
Nhu cầu tiêu thụ theo mùa, đơn hàng ngày càng nhỏ do xu hướng áp dụng phương pháp sản xuất vừa đúng lúc (Just in Time – JIT) của các nhà mua hàng (buyers) trên thế giới để giảm chi phí tồn kho cũng là một gánh nặng trong việc giữ vững và tăng năng suất ngành may.
Ngành sản xuất may sử dụng một lực lượng lao động rất lớn. Công nhân ngành may thường không có trình độ cao, kỷ luật công nghiệp thấp. Do vậy, việc đảm bảo năng suất, chất lượng và tiến độ giao hàng là rất khó khăn, nếu không áp dụng các biện pháp quản lý phù hợp.
2.Những khó khăn trong sản xuất của ngành may
Từ những đặc thù trên có thể thấy việc điều hành một công ty may nhằm đạt năng suất và hiệu quả kinh tế cao là vấn đề không hề đơn giản, đặc biệt đối với những công ty thuần may gia công.
Năng suất lao động thấp, kéo theo thu nhập thấp, số giờ làm việc dài, nên ngành may công nghiệp ngày càng trở nên kém hấp dẫn với người lao động, khiến biến động nhân sự trở nên rất cao, khoảng 20 – 40%, thậm chí cao hơn khiến ngành may rơi vào vòng luẩn quẩn năng suất thấp – lương thấp – nhân công biến động – tay nghề kém – năng suất thấp.
3. Kết luận
Giải quyết bài toán năng suất trong ngành sản xuất may là một vấn đề sống còn của các doanh nghiệp ngành may công nghiệp, đặc biệt của các công ty may gia công và nhất là trong điều kiện cạnh tranh mạnh mẽ về lao động như hiện nay. Các công ty may không chỉ phải cạnh tranh trong nội bộ ngành mà phải cạnh tranh với nhiều ngành công nghiệp khác trên phương diện nguồn nhân lực.
Phương hướng cho việc nâng cao năng suất ngành may và giải quyết tình trạng luẩn quẩn trên đây chính là phải quyết liệt cải tiến phương thức quản lý ở tất cả các cấp: cấp công ty, cấp xí nghiệp, cấp tổ sản xuất, chuyền may… Cải thiện quản lý sẽ giúp nâng cao năng suất, tăng lương, giảm giờ làm và tăng nguồn nhân lực có chất lượng cho ngành may
I saw a woman in white sitting by the well, covering her face and weeping.Father, I heard that there is an urgent 800 miles this morning Nangong Qianrou asked.
Zhu Guangxiao clasped his fists and said, There are sixty two people on board, all of them are here.Xu Qi an frowned I m listening.Susu curled her lips Anyway, that s the way it is.
This brat bullies and insults me, if you come later, I will be pregnant with his evil seed, woo woo woo.After eating one, Governor Zhang stared wide eyed in surprise There are no seeds Song Buzheng smiled and said nothing, and other officials also laughed.
Of course, I am still willing to give you a chance.The aunt, who was wearing a deep red robe and a pleated skirt, was holding scissors, trimming Potted plants in the living room.
After all, in Princess Lin an s heart, Xu Qi an had long since turned to the light and became her servant.Who blocked the secret Boom boom boom At the end of the horizon, a figure rushed towards him, he was still far away in the sky one moment, and he was close in front of him the next moment.
Just a farewell poem, and this one belongs to him too The old man refuses to Unlock the Power of Nature: How CBD Gummies Support Your Overall Wellness accept it I m so mad, so mad He even wrote What are CBD Gummies? a letter to show off, After eating Yunzhou style lunch at the post station, Xu Qi an took a cold bath and was refreshed.The so called not good at melee combat is compared to other systems of the same level.
The six golden gongs noticed the change in Wei Yuan s expression, and they raised their heads one after another, feeling terrified , as if facing a great enemy.Governor Zhang acted arbitrarily and took all the rebels to Xingtai to beheaded.
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Jue, this beast traveled around Yunzhou for more than a month, filled the reservoirs in Yunzhou, moistened the dry rivers and lakes, and solved the drought in Yunzhou.
Just like now, she is very resistant to the dry food her mother stuffs into her schoolbag, Mom, don t pack so many buns, I can t finish them.
As she spoke, she took out all the steamed buns that Zhang Sumei had just put in.Where will they be transferred I don t know, I didn t ask.
To put it bluntly, for those diseases, whether he, a doctor, could diagnose, treat, and prescribe medicine, in fact, There is no difference at all.And by tomorrow, the patient should not need you to give medicine.
Du Heng gently tapped his back to clear the phlegm from his throat.He didn t see anything. He just heard from the village chief that the village was buried.
Du Heng slowed down the car and drove carefully, Don t talk about you, this is the second time I ve seen it since I was a child.How much money can you make by seeing doctors Old patients Du Heng immediately felt that opening a clinic was a useless thing for him.
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The beam of light pierced into the space wall, creating a tiny gap.Putting away the Dutian banner, Xu Yang looked at the surrounding scene and sighed As expected of the tide of mutant miasma, it is indeed infinitely powerful.
After a careful search, he found no treasure, so he had no choice but to turn around and leave.His consciousness swept around, and there were very few monsters and insects around.
Going all the way, seeing that Xu Yang was about to leave the central area, suddenly nine escaping lights flew from the sky to stop Xu Yang, and four escaping lights flew from behind to block his retreat.Heisha was horrific, one arm was missing and his Sweet Dreams Ahead: Unlocking the Power of Kavva Sleep Gummies for Restful Nights robe was stained with blood, and his cultivation base had dropped to the extreme and he almost fell.
A pitch What are Full Spectrum CBD Gummies? black treasure flag appeared out of nowhere, blocking the big purple hand, with a loud bang, the big hand disappeared and the treasure flag vibrated violently and flew out backwards, the two sides were evenly divided.This teleportation formation can be transmitted to other Wanbao Pavilion branches in Qianzhou.
After careful inspection for a while, Xu Yang was very surprised.This beast puppet was obtained by Guan Xing from the ancient cave.
If the other party is really angered and makes a move regardless of the consequences, the consequences will be disastrous.After years of evolution, the origin of the laws merged with the laws of this world, and this disk was formed just now.
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It is the aura fluctuation of the foreign devil.It seems that the blood ghost king has already contacted the foreign devil.Protect and isolate the pulling force.After a while, Xu Yang s eyes lit up, and the surrounding environment changed Discover the Power of Theracal CBD Gummies: Unlocking a Healthier You rapidly, and he was already in a jungle.
The golden sword swarm quickly moved towards the swarm.The battle ended so quickly, Du Yue er was dumbfounded, she never thought that this friend of his parents was so powerful.
He was startled and angry, but he didn t dare to face the enemy again, and he was about to run away again in a blink of an eye, but this time Xu Yang didn t give him a chance, and the Yin Yang Demon Sugar-Free and Vegan Options Map flew out quickly, unfolding a scroll, and the Sunset Demon Venerable Xing Yizhi fell into the magic map.
The middle aged monk in the main formation took the opportunity to turn around, injecting Qi into the wooden stick, driving the stick to rotate several times with his whole body, and smashed heavily on the head of the man with the mace.Afterwards, she must have turned Unlock a Restful Night's Sleep with Kavva Sleep Gummies her face because of this and told the Buddhist sect about Xu Qian s existence.
Successfully refined.But then gradually degenerated and became obsessed with women.Yun practice.Li Lingsu seemed taken aback, and The CBD Gummy Conundrum: Unraveling Fact from Fiction looked at Xu Qian Brother Xu knows a lot.
After finally killing one, he was full of blood in another way Resurrection Ask the old Chai family about her ex husband.Luo Yuheng straightened his waist and ate with small chopsticks.
As the steam rose, she raised her head slightly With a soft face, eyes closed, long eyelashes covered, enjoying the hot spring.I heard from Sister Rong that whether her master can be resurrected or not depends on this trip.
Xu Qi an Talking again, looking far away, looking at the depths of the temple, the tall tower with white walls and black tiles.Xu Qi an stroked its cheeks, grabbed a handful of beans to feed it, put his spare right hand on the side of the young mare s neck, passed the air blower, and helped it strengthen its muscles and bones.
They don t know my existence.The next half continues to explore the Chai Fu Ancestral Hall.He stared at Xu Qi an in despair, and fell to the ground staggeringly.
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He whispered.The big rat turned its head and walked away.That s right, I killed Chai Jianyuan, and I was responsible for the murder in Xiangzhou.
I see.Xu Qi an said You two are temporarily staying in the Pagoda of the Buddha.As for the floating fort that appeared in front of him, Yufengzhou was obviously not on the same level as it.