04 cấp độ của nhà máy thông minh – Smart Factory hiện nay
Trong kỷ nguyên Cách mạng Công nghiệp 4.0, nhà máy thông minh đã trở thành xu hướng tất yếu của ngành sản xuất. Tuy nhiên, không phải tất cả các nhà máy thông minh đều giống nhau. Chúng được phân chia thành các cấp độ nhà máy thông minh khác nhau, tùy thuộc vào mức độ ứng dụng công nghệ và tự động hóa. Bài viết này sẽ giúp bạn hiểu rõ về các cấp độ này và cách xây dựng một nhà máy thông minh hiệu quả, đồng thời giới thiệu giải pháp hệ thống giám sát sản xuất ANDON SmartTrack – một phần không thể thiếu trong quá trình chuyển đổi số.
1. Giới thiệu về nhà máy thông minh
Nhà máy thông minh là bước tiến tất yếu trong ngành sản xuất hiện đại, áp dụng công nghệ số và hệ thống tự động hóa để tối ưu hóa quy trình vận hành. Để đạt được trạng thái này, doanh nghiệp cần hiểu rõ các cấp độ nhà máy thông minh và lộ trình xây dựng phù hợp.
Hệ thống giám sát sản xuất ANDON SmartTrack đóng vai trò quan trọng trong quá trình chuyển đổi, giúp doanh nghiệp kiểm soát sản xuất theo thời gian thực và nâng cao hiệu quả vận hành.
2.Các Cấp Độ Của Nhà Máy Thông Minh
2.1. Cấp Độ 1: Tính Sẵn Có Của Dữ Liệu Cơ Bản
Ở cấp độ này, nhà máy bắt đầu thu thập dữ liệu cơ bản từ các thiết bị và quy trình sản xuất. Dữ liệu này thường bao gồm thông tin về tốc độ sản xuất, nhiệt độ, áp suất, và thời gian hoạt động của máy móc. Mục tiêu chính là tạo nền tảng dữ liệu để hiểu rõ hơn về quy trình sản xuất và chuẩn bị cho các cấp độ cao hơn.
Ví dụ: Một nhà máy sản xuất linh kiện điện tử bắt đầu lắp đặt cảm biến để theo dõi nhiệt độ và áp suất trong quá trình sản xuất.
2.2. Cấp Độ 2: Phân Tích Dữ Liệu Chủ Động
Tại cấp độ này, dữ liệu được phân tích để đưa ra các thông tin hữu ích và dự đoán về hoạt động sản xuất. Các công nghệ như trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI) và phân tích dữ liệu lớn (Big Data) được sử dụng để phát hiện các mô hình, xu hướng, và dự đoán sự cố tiềm ẩn.
Ví dụ: Hệ thống phân tích dữ liệu có thể cảnh báo về nguy cơ hỏng hóc của một máy móc dựa trên dữ liệu rung động và nhiệt độ bất thường.
2.3. Cấp Độ 3: Dữ Liệu Hoạt Động Thời Gian Thực
Ở cấp độ này, dữ liệu được theo dõi và phân tích trong thời gian thực. Các hệ thống giám sát như ANDON SmartTrack cho phép nhà quản lý theo dõi liên tục các hoạt động sản xuất, phát hiện sự cố sớm, và thậm chí tự động điều chỉnh quy trình sản xuất.
Ví dụ: Khi một dây chuyền sản xuất gặp sự cố, hệ thống ANDON SmartTrack sẽ ngay lập tức gửi cảnh báo đến nhân viên bảo trì và đề xuất giải pháp khắc phục.
2.4. Cấp Độ 4: Tự Động Hóa Toàn Diện
Đây là cấp độ cao nhất của nhà máy thông minh, nơi mà các quyết định và điều chỉnh sản xuất được thực hiện hoàn toàn tự động dựa trên dữ liệu và các quy tắc được thiết lập sẵn. Máy móc và hệ thống có khả năng tự học và thích nghi với các yêu cầu thay đổi của thị trường.
Ví dụ: Một nhà máy sản xuất ô tô có thể tự động điều chỉnh quy trình lắp ráp dựa trên nhu cầu thị trường và tình trạng nguyên vật liệu.
3. Cách xây dựng nhà máy thông minh
Việc xây dựng một nhà máy thông minh không chỉ là một xu hướng mà còn là một yêu cầu cấp thiết trong thời đại công nghệ 4.0. Dưới đây là các bước và yếu tố quan trọng cần cân nhắc khi xây dựng nhà máy thông minh.
3.1. Định Nghĩa Mục Tiêu
Xác định nhu cầu: Đánh giá rõ ràng những gì bạn muốn đạt được từ nhà máy thông minh. Có thể là tối ưu hóa quy trình sản xuất, giảm chi phí, tăng cường năng lực sản xuất hay cải thiện chất lượng sản phẩm.
Lên kế hoạch dài hạn: Xây dựng một chiến lược phát triển bền vững cho nhà máy, phù hợp với tầm nhìn của doanh nghiệp.
3.2. Lựa Chọn Công Nghệ Thích Hợp
Internet Vạn Vật (IoT): Sử dụng thiết bị kết nối để thu thập và phân tích dữ liệu từ máy móc, cảm biến và quy trình sản xuất.
Trí Tuệ Nhân Tạo (AI): Tích hợp AI vào quy trình sản xuất để tối ưu hóa hoạt động, dự đoán sự cố và phân tích dữ liệu.
Tự động hóa: Đầu tư vào hệ thống tự động hóa để cải thiện hiệu suất và giảm thiểu sai sót.
3.3. Thiết Kế Kiến Trúc Nhà Máy
Mô hình hóa 3D: Sử dụng phần mềm mô hình hóa 3D để hình dung và lập kế hoạch cho bố trí nhà máy.
Tối ưu hóa không gian: Bố trí các khu vực sản xuất, kho bãi và các tiện ích khác một cách hợp lý để tăng cường hiệu suất làm việc.
3.4. Áp Dụng Chính Sách Thân Thiện với Môi Trường
Năng lượng tái tạo: Cân nhắc sử dụng năng lượng mặt trời hoặc gió để giảm thiểu tác động đến môi trường.
Quản lý chất thải: Xây dựng hệ thống xử lý và tái chế chất thải hiệu quả.
3.5. Đào Tạo Nhân Viên
Chương trình đào tạo: Tổ chức các khóa đào tạo để nâng cao kỹ năng cho nhân viên, giúp họ làm quen với công nghệ mới và quy trình làm việc.
Khuyến khích sáng tạo: Tạo môi trường mà nhân viên có thể đóng góp ý tưởng và cải tiến quy trình.
3.6. Theo Dõi và Đánh Giá
Hệ thống giám sát: Triển khai hệ thống theo dõi để đánh giá hiệu suất sản xuất theo thời gian thực.
Phân tích dữ liệu: Sử dụng phân tích dữ liệu để đưa ra quyết định thông minh và kịp thời.
4. Giải Pháp ANDON SmartTrack – Trợ Thủ Đắc Lực Cho Nhà Máy Thông Minh
Trong quá trình xây dựng nhà máy thông minh, việc áp dụng hệ thống giám sát sản xuất như ANDON SmartTrack là yếu tố then chốt giúp doanh nghiệp giám sát thời gian thực, giảm thiểu thời gian ngừng máy và cải thiện chất lượng sản xuất.
Hệ thống giám sát sản xuất ANDON SmartTrack là một giải pháp công nghệ tiên tiến, giúp doanh nghiệp quản lý và tối ưu hóa quy trình sản xuất một cách hiệu quả. Với khả năng thu thập và phân tích dữ liệu thời gian thực, ANDON SmartTrack giúp phát hiện sự cố sớm, giảm thiểu thời gian ngừng hoạt động, và nâng cao năng suất.
4.1. Giám Sát Toàn Diện
ANDON SmartTrack cho phép nhà quản lý theo dõi toàn bộ hoạt động sản xuất từ xa, đảm bảo tính minh bạch và liên tục.
4.2. Phát Hiện Sự Cố Nhanh Chóng
Hệ thống tự động cảnh báo khi phát hiện sự cố, giúp nhân viên bảo trì nhanh chóng khắc phục và giảm thiểu thiệt hại.
4.3. Tối Ưu Hóa Quy Trình Sản Xuất
Với khả năng phân tích dữ liệu, ANDON SmartTrack giúp doanh nghiệp tối ưu hóa quy trình sản xuất, giảm thiểu lãng phí và nâng cao chất lượng sản phẩm. Xin vui lòng tham khảo giải pháp Hệ thống giám sát sản xuất ANDON SmartTrack tại đây. Hoặc liên hệ để nhận tư vấn theo hotline: 0986778578 hoặc email sales@vietsoft.com.vn
5. Kết luận
Xây dựng một nhà máy thông minh không chỉ là việc áp dụng công nghệ mà còn là quá trình liên tục cải tiến và tối ưu hóa. Với các cấp độ nhà máy thông minh khác nhau, doanh nghiệp có thể lựa chọn mức độ phù hợp với nhu cầu và nguồn lực của mình. Đặc biệt, việc triển khai hệ thống giám sát sản xuất ANDON SmartTrack sẽ giúp doanh nghiệp quản lý sản xuất hiệu quả, nâng cao năng suất và duy trì lợi thế cạnh tranh trong kỷ nguyên 4.0.
While talking, Wu Buwei and Xiao Li walked in together, Brother, are you looking for me Du Heng stood up with a smile and gave up his seat to Wu Buwei, Come on, you Show this patient.The purpose of this thing was afraid that Lu Zhongjiang would not understand it and let others snatch it away.
No. Du Heng said slightly With a smile, he raised his left hand and held Xu Pinglin s left hand steady, and stretched out three fingers of his right hand to touch his wrist.Du Heng didn t want to argue with this woman anymore, and said with a straight face, We welcome the general public to supervise us, and you can also go to any unit to complain.
Senior brother, are you two dating Let me tell you, girls want Coax, just give in, say a few nice words, and everything will be fine.In addition, Du Heng is from his own village and is very familiar with them, so there is basically no difference between his presence and absence.
When they were in school, the four of them flourished.If they cannot correct it, then there is no hope at all.
Oh. Pei Jihua breathed a sigh of relief, Auntie, seeing that you are so happy, has uncle been cured It can t be so fast, it s still far away.
If you are unhappy about something like this, what is the difference between you and Li Qingde By the way, the chirping of these sparrows is really annoying.the cigarette that I just put down was in my hand again.
I forgot to ask you, Where is your home Bai Lily Bay, Chengguan District.Don t make yourself angry. That s right, when you were in school, they were the ones who made the most sarcastic remarks.
Instead, he pointed at the file he just recorded and said, Look at the temperature you just measured.I couldn t move my body, I couldn t hear the sounds outside clearly, and it was pitch black in front of me.
Watching Chai Yi drink the medicine, Xu Pinglin and Du Heng looked at each other and slowly walked back to the office.After the photo was taken, the leader led the evaluation team upstairs.
What s your name How old are you Are you married Du Heng didn t want to pay attention to this grandson.Du Heng was confused after hearing this, and he couldn t understand what Li Qingde was doing today.
but she still didn t say anything, just asked the nanny to add tea.Therefore, there are two preferred places to see Chinese medicine.
After seeing the uncle off, there weren t many people behind him.Du Heng saw his obscene smile, and immediately knew what the boy was laughing at.
Ma Zichen may have good intentions and help introduce people to him, or he may want to show off that he has a broad path.Liang Limin didn t talk nonsense, and drove out on his tricycle.
Okay, he was still checking his phone. After looking at it for a long time, thinking about it, it seemed that he had done nothing.Wu Buwei s foundation is actually not bad. What is bad is the organic combination of the disease he sees and the knowledge in his mind.
I can drag you out. Zhang Xi s leg was pressed by a few pieces of wood, and he didn t know whether it was broken or not, but every time he moved, he would cry and scream, which sounded very painful.
Come on, come on, work harder, I ll catch your hand soon.The pharmacy doctor rolled his eyes at Du Heng and returned to his dormitory.
Moreover, repeated attacks are a kind of torture to the patient, and they will worsen and induce even more bizarre diseases.I just came back from taking the film and suffered from severe gastroptosis.
It is still a waste of time to check the start of treatment and explain the problem of charging for medicine.I m laughing so hard. Du Heng, You are really working hard, you are still reviewing homework so late.
Xiao Du, have you done any statistical analysis on how to treat paralysis Dr.Now is the time to race against time. Returning to the table, he ignored Wu Buwei, who was full of doubts, and started another consultation and examination.
You only need to go to the pharmacy to buy some symptomatic medicine, and you can solve the problem by yourself.At his level, as long as he doesn t make principled mistakes in his life and doesn t touch the bottom line of the law, he is a person who is sprinting towards becoming a great player.
Du Jiang reluctantly sat in front of Wu Buwei, and Wu Buwei took a deep breath and began to diagnose alone for the first time.Du Heng just wanted to be polite, but Li Na Ting then said again, Then treat me to dinner instead.
Many people don t sell it, or leave it to the hospital for processing.
With twelve pairs of arms spread out to both sides, he strode high spiritedly into the dark red flesh covered Area.The man s old face was full of ravines, his face was still ferocious, although the sword was fierce, there was room for concealment in the ferocity.
At first, his spiritual consciousness could not be used in the Yin Yang Tomb, but later, everything proved that the spiritual consciousness can have penetrating power.Only this time, it was just a vine that suddenly got up and nodded towards Ye Shenglan.
Zhao Shou was born in the 19th year of Joan of Arc.Long Yinjian also became more and more happy, but soon, it asked a little confused Who made this clothes for me Why can t I remember it It was rare to see Long Yin Jian was so confused that she even turned around many times on the spot, her tone was urgent, which made Meng Jingzhe s heart tighten.
When the enemy dies, it is also the time when the twelve Shura s lifespan and flesh and blood are exhausted.He turned his head slightly, smelling the stench on his body.
Zhu Lai clasped his hands together Amitabha, there is life everywhere here.It can improve the skin when used once a day.And the spell of the black divine beast is a small spell for divination of the weather.
Her face was as white as paper, her eyes were bleeding, her lips were trembling, and she wailed in despair Heaven perishes in Kyushu
the bedroom.Huaiqing was dressed in a silk robe and soaked in icy cold water.Qinggu Palace is not located in famous mountains and great rivers, but in a main city.
This resentment beast is not willing.After teasing enough like a cat catching a mouse, the resentful beast finally showed its fangs and grabbed straight at A Xi.A little sadness appeared on her face.Seeing that the air pressure around her was not right, Meng Jingzhe didn t ask, but acted like an idiot, picked up the kite and started running.
With their expressions of fear, ecstasy, or anger, they looked away and looked at Shenshu and Buddha.Only when he is truly desperate can he truly control Yu Sui.
But with so many priceless swords in front of us, She made a gesture of letting you pick and choose, but Meng Jingzhe didn t seem to see it.Meng Jingzhe had read his sister s lips countless times, and this time he could see it clearly.
Hearing this, Meng Jingzhe thought that he seemed to be ready to block the sword, and immediately asked Do you know I m here The masked man chuckled lightly, and said Smartness is mistaken by cleverness.This small step was followed by a more violent attack.
Several deacons clasped their hands and persecuted together.He made great contributions and was promoted to the University of Huagaidian.
As if he had grasped the hope, he said eagerly Master, Master, please quickly ask Tianzun to help.The square plate points to the place where the Qishan Immortal Venerable is located, which is a certain place on the top of the mountain.
It s no wonder that Xu Qi an suddenly came overseas, came to God and Devil Island, and competed with him for the Heavenly Gate.And not far behind him, Ye Shenglan, who was originally injured and seemed unable to get up, also threw a long whip in his hand at this time.
Looking at this scene, Meng Jingzhe felt an inexplicable feeling.What purpose Huai Qing immediately asked.Others want to know this answer too.
Although the Longyin Sword Art fits well, it is not the end of the way of the sword.Buddha attacked the Central Plains at this time Xu Qi an, who heard the message from Shenshu, couldn t help but feel doubts and uneasiness.
This cut off is different from ordinary cut offs, it s a bit like an infinity pool.Now there are 60 people to come out, and each family needs to send out at least five people, which is a bit difficult for them.
But he didn t say these words, but still looked at Axi with a pair of big watery eyes, like a puppy waiting for its master to come home.The merciful Dharma figure chanted Buddhist scriptures, and the Sanskrit sounds burst out, dispelling the enemy s fighting spirit.
He roared like a raging lion Super grade swallows the Central Plains and replaces the Dao of Heaven.The innate skill is the god of summoning souls, and Meng Jingzhe s first reaction was actually the underworld.
He s not bad, but that demon king is really unlucky.This time he thought he was in a perfect position for a sneak attack, but encountered such a serious Waterloo, which made him understand that his current strength is still Too weak.
Xu Qi an said in a deep voice.Master Xu will come back tomorrow.The three of them couldn t wait to open the almanac, starting from the first character, and counting to the 162th character according to the figure day The day of Yimaori.
The yard was bleak and dilapidated, the gray was all over the floor, and the paint on the columns and walls was mottled.The south is such a ghostly place, it s cold and humid, and when you re on duty at night, the wind blows into your neck, making you shiver uncontrollably.
It is impossible for a person to be resurrected after death.The eyeballs were bloodshot, and the eye circles were black and blue, which reminded Xu Qi an that he lived in the blessed society of 996, and occasionally had to experience a 007, which was also such a miserable appearance.
He kept toasting and even said The dirty talk is different from when they were on duty.It is true to say so, but it is too much for you to want to change my soul into your own shape.
They have already tried it, and the taste is different and unforgettable.At this time, No.1 asked Although this case is troublesome, with Xu Qi an s ability, he should not be helpless.
The governor fell into a state of prohibition for a long time.Above the fourth rank, do not use Breathing, this is the rule, but you can still bring a warlock.
It is not difficult to sneak into Yongzhen Shanhe Temple silently.Even when the eunuch was furious, he still had a calm attitude, as if nothing in the world could make him lose his composure.
The prefect of Qingzhou bowed.Yang Gong was a little moved.Xu Qi an opened his mouth, but was speechless for a moment.
All previous efforts are wasted.Xu Qi an replied.The orange cat s expression froze for a moment, You speak nicely.Hmm.Jiang Lvzhong nodded, and said in a deep voice, How did you find out that there is something wrong with it PS Happy Children s Day to everyone in advance.
In such a situation, there are probably three possibilities 1.The more parties there are, the more intense the fight will be.
Nangong Qianrou looked normal on the outside, but her face was as pale as a paper doll.The humble official is rude, I don t intend to offend the princess, but the beauty of the princess is the only one I have seen in my life.
plan to push Yang Chuannan to the top of the pot.While secretly laying out the layout, while waiting for the arrival of the governor.Of course, Fuxiang is the oiran of the Beijing Jiaofang Division, where is the capital The gathering of dignitaries and dignitaries is not comparable to Yuzhou.
Jiang Lvzhong let out a breath slowly, looking at Governor Zhang s grief, he couldn t bear it, and said in a deep voice I m negligent in my duty, I m sorry.Heng Hui, Heng Yuan said in a weary voice, Do you remember the first mantra my brother taught you back then Purifying Heart Mantra Heng Hui resisted her out of control right hand, leaned her back against the wall of the well, and sat down slowly.
So what s the matter Can a letter from Ziqian make you so angry Zhang Shen shook his head helplessly, and said with a sneer Chun Jing, you just have a bad temper, irritable and irritable, that s why you lost to Wei Yuan back then.arouse man s desire.The Daoist head of Renzong of the previous generation originally had the opportunity to step into the first rank.
Why did he provoke His Highness I don t know either.It is used as a bargaining chip, and it is not really about burning jade and stone together.
Wei Yuan slandered the humble minister, please make the decision.He asked us to kill the guards on the boat.Swallow this iron ore ship.
In the melodious sound of silk and bamboo, Xu Qi an picked up his wine glass and said with a big laugh Come on, drink and drink.He was only whipped twice by the jailer when he first arrived.
I m glad all the men in the world are like you, he added in his mind.Get it from Emperor Yuan Jing.I m not sure who the old emperor will tell it to, but he will definitely only tell people close to him.
there are eminent monks sitting cross legged in the sky and chanting scriptures There is an army of dead bodies who are not afraid of death there are rows and rows of artillery troops Xu Qi an thought blankly.He was equipped with all kinds of equipment such as knives, guns, bows and crossbows, and even equipped with firecrackers.
I didn t find the contact code, maybe it was destroyed by someone.If an insidious villain is promoted to high rank, they will Unconscious fear.
Maybe it was a moment of playfulness.Li Miaozhen lifted the quilt, shrank in, and fell asleep.Because if you don t win him over, this Tonggong will turn around and fall into Huaiqing s arms, and he speaks nicely and can play, Lin an is very reluctant.
There was no reason for servants to control the master.Why buy dog meat with an embarrassing expression of pretending to be discovered Xu Qi an frowned and said, Speak humanly.
A scholar who reads poetry and books, he has a good looking talent and is gentle and elegant.That monk is probably Heng Hui.Jin Gong with a sword said.
In fact, writing poetry is the best choice.It is simple, eye catching, and thought provoking.When your mother was pregnant with you, I took care of her for a while.
Xu Qi an was not angry at all, Said The two ministers know that I have a lot of poetic talent I don t dare to speak out.2.Xu Qi an clapped excitedly.Catch Zhou Chixiong, and you will know who is behind the collusion with the Yaozu.
Who Huben Wei on duty held down the handle of the knife and shouted in a deep voice.Seeing Wei Yuan in green robe, this handsome and elegant eunuch with slightly frosted temples, was drinking from a teacup, pointing to the seat opposite Pour the tea yourself.
Princess Huaiqing nodded You agree with me.I have thought about this problem more than once, but I have no solution.Second, send people disguised as the water transport yamen guards to protect the ship, coerce Fang He to charge into the battle, and go to meet the people who meet in Yunzhou for a while.
If not, will he protect me, or seal me in Sangbo together And I m just a gong in the Qi training realm.Uncle Xu, who is selling the house, glanced at the furnishings in the hall, and suddenly sighed This is the ancestral house, and it s for sale Your father and I grew up in this house.
He had a premonition that Wei Yuan was looking for him to talk about the case of Princess Pingyang.2 Discuss.What is No. 3 looking for No.2, so mysterious Members of the Tian Di Hui scattered all over the world, staring at the book passed on the mirror, their chests filled with curiosity.
He saw Song Qing and Chu Caiwei in the alchemy room on the seventh floor, and also saw two pairs of dark circles of the same style.Looking at it, Chu Caiwei opened her eyes wide, swallowing tons of saliva.
What is it He opened his eyes.Ning Yan, are you feeling better Governor Zhang s voice came from the door, and after receiving Xu Qi an s affirmative answer, he immediately said Come with me to the dinner party, and meet Yunzhou officialdom for a while.I m sorry, I didn t think carefully, I don t know if my lord can return her to me.
Things have come to this point, it is useless to turn your face, and you should consider how to face the future.Daoist Jinlian shook his head What should I do At this moment, a shrill meow came from the ridge of the roof, Xu Qi an suddenly smiled, and pointed to the top of his head I am wronged, Daoist.
Buy one get one free, thank you.Xu Qi an rolled his eyes.If there is any need, ask him to find the left and right to participate in politics.
The whereabouts of the thing are still unknown, and the thief who stole the thing has never appeared again.When he saw that he said he missed him, he had to remember to get a manicure.
Governor Zhang said Yes.This inspection is a foreshadowing and test made by him.Among the major systems, the Ninth Grade is the foundation.
The more stable Wei Yuan s position and power, the more benefits Xu Qi an reaped.Even Nunu can see that it s a big talk.That s it, it s vulgar.
Xu Lingyue s delicate face was full of smiles, and she opened it Letter to aunt Mom, I ll read to you the letter that elder brother sent you.Well, I can t get used to his attitude for a long time.
Yes, there are beauties in the shop.Xu Qi an nuzzled Then you go back, they are still wet
Song Tingfeng felt that Xu Ningyan s words were really vulgar.The porter Lao Zhang opened the middle door, saw the three watchmen, bowed his head quickly, and said, My lords, what are you doing.
In the 6th year of Yuanjing, the old general Dugu who was guarding the north passed away.She then invited me to compete.She is actually at the pinnacle of refinement.
Song Tingfeng and Zhu Guangxiao immediately looked at Xu Qi an, a little moved.Probably in her heart, nothing is important except food.
The door leading to the realm of refining the gods was firmly closed.Now his eyesight is able to see things in the dark without hindrance.
I learned to be patient when I wrote the second generation of demons.I heard that you have a lot of friendship with the warlocks of the Sitianjian, and I want to ask you to help find the white clothed warlocks and save a child.
Obstacles stand in the way, sometimes walls, sometimes eaves.Don t worry, just sit down and rest for a while, I ll go outside and see, I ll definitely chase her back.
Well, big brother misses you too.After reading it, Xu Qian folded the letter with satisfaction and put it back in the envelope.That s right, I used to think so, you don t go to the big brother who doesn t go to the Goulan, but now he is the figure that the oirans of the Jiaofang Division are vying for.
But in fact the crown prince is a handsome guy, Emperor Yuan Jing was very handsome when he was young, and Concubine Chen Gui was extremely handsome Beauty, it is only then that there is such a beautiful girl as Zhuangxiang.Her mouth is black and purple, and black blood overflows from her mouth.
Why didn t you two leave Waiting for your news.No news, get out, go back to your room to practice Qi, remember not to sleep at night.It s just her vigor that makes people ignore her beauty.
Resting in the mansion, who will benefit the most Wang Zhenwen, chief assistant, and Zhang Feng, Shangshu of the Ministry of War, that was originally my position.3 s death, but she held back.Let s just save some face for him at the end.
Various styles, a total of seven people.But regardless of her figure or appearance, she could be called a top notch beauty.Neither of the two old rivals would make such a low level mistake, but they hoped that the other would make a mistake.
Governor Zhang nodded, and ordered someone to get the pen, ink, paper and inkstone.Sent it to you.The aunt was taken aback, surprise flashed in her moist eyes, and she thought that this unlucky nephew still misses his mother.
