.Bảo trì bảo dưỡng là các hoạt động nhằm giữ cho các tài sản máy móc thiết bị của doanh nghiệp luôn hoạt động hiệu quả và ổn định cho các hoạt động sản xuất kinh doanh. Về bản chất, bảo trì giữ vai trò hậu vô cùng quan trọng nhằm đảm bảo nguồn lực máy móc thiết bị giúp doanh nghiệp tăng tính cạnh tranh nhằm tồn tại và phát triển bền vững.
2. Các giai đoạn phát triển của bảo trì:
Với mục tiêu cốt lõi đó, bảo trì đã không ngừng phát triển và hoàn thiện để đáp ứng tốt hơn các yêu cầu của doanh nghiệp. Bảo trì đã trải qua 4 thế hệ, ứng với mỗi thế hệ, bảo trì lại có những cải tiến về mục tiêu như sau:
a. Bảo trì thế hệ 1: Hư đâu sửa đó, hỏng đâu thay đó – chỉ sửa chữa khi hư hỏng, không đòi hỏi kỹ thuật cao
Mục tiêu bảo trì thế hệ 1: là Sửa chữa và khôi phục máy móc khi bị hư hỏng
b. Bảo trì thế hệ 2: Bảo trì định kỳ theo kế hoạch và có hệ thống hơn. Có sự ra đời của những hệ thống kiểm soát và lập kế hoạch bảo trì.
Mục tiêu bảo trì thế hệ 2: là tăng khả năng sẵn sàng của máy cao hơn; kéo dài tuổi thọ của thiết bị hơn; Chi phí bảo trì thấp hơn.
c. Bảo trì thế hệ 3: Bảo trì kết hợp với giám sát tình trạng, Thiết kế đảm bảo khả năng bảo trì, Thiết kế đảm bảo độ tin cậy, Thiết kế đảm bảo an toàn, Phân tích nguyên nhân gốc rễ.
Mục tiêu bảo trì thế hệ 3: Khả năng sẵn sàng của máy cao hơn; Độ tin cậy của máy cao hơn; An toàn hơn; Không tác hại đến môi trường; Chất lượng sản phẩm tốt hơn; Tuổi thọ máy dài hơn; Hiệu quả kinh tế lớn hơn.
d. Mục tiêu bảo trì thế hệ 4: Khả năng sẵn sàng của máy cao hơn nữa; Độ tin cậy của máy cao hơn nữa; An toàn hơn nữa (OSHAS 18000), Không tác hại đến môi trường (ISO 14000); Chất lượng sản phẩm tốt hơn (6 Sigma); Tuổi thọ máy dài hơn; Hiệu quả kinh tế lớn hơn (Bảo trì tinh gọn); Quản lý rủi ro; Những tổ chức bảo trì tin cậy cao; Các giải pháp bảo trì hiệu quả hơn.
3. Những mục tiêu của bảo trì hiện đại:
Từ mục tiêu cụ thể ở từng thế hệ bảo trì, có thể thấy bảo trì hiện đại không tập trung nhiều vào việc sửa chữa và khắc phục khi hư hỏng xảy ra. Thay vào đó, mục tiêu bảo trì đã tập trung vào việc xây dựng, duy trì và cải tiến thiết bị từ khi thiết kế đến lúc vận hành để đảm bảo thiết bị luôn vận hành ổn định ở trạng thái tốt nhất. Tổng kết lại ta có các mục tiêu chính của bảo trì hiện nay bao gồm:
Xây dựng một chương trình bảo trì tổng thể cho mọi hoạt động của doanh nghiệp (vận chuyển, mua bán, kỹ thuật, R&D, sản xuất, QA&QC, kiểm soát chất lượng, đóng gói, dịch vụ hậu mãi, chăm sóc khách hàng, lắp đặt vận hành…)
Đảm bảo công tác bảo trì luôn sẵn sàng mọi lúc, mọi nơi
Đưa các khái niệm đánh giá như OEE, độ tin cậy, khả năng bảo trì toàn diện vào mọi hoạt động doanh nghiệp nhất là trong các hoạt động sản xuất nhằm đảm bảo chu kỳ sống là nhỏ nhất.
Thu thập dữ liệu vận hành theo thời gian thực để xây dựng đồ thị đánh giá tỷ lệ hư hỏng và dự đoán tuổi thọ thiết bị.
Phân tích dữ liệu bảo trì để thiết kế cải tiến thiết bị máy móc tốt hơn
Phân tích nguyên nhân gốc rễ của các dạng hư hỏng, nhằm xây dựng các biện pháp tối thiểu hóa các rủi ro hỏng hóc có thể xảy ra..
Phân tích dữ liệu vận hành để xác định sự phân bố thời gian vận hành đến hư hỏng, tính tỷ lệ hư hỏng và độ tin cậy của thiết bị.
Phân tích tất cả các thành phần trong thời gian ngừng máy nhằm xác định được phân bổ thời gian cần thiết cho các hoạt động bảo trì hoặc phục hồi thiết bị.
Tinh giảm hóa trong thiết kế của thiết bị nhằm đơn giản hóa công tác bảo trì.
Sắp xếp và cấu hình thiết bị tốt hơn về độ tin cậy
Xác định tồn kho vật tư phụ tùng tối ưu để đảm bảo độ tin cậy của công tác bảo trì
Xác định các vật tư phụ tùng, thiết bị giúp nâng cao hiệu quả công tác bảo trì
Xác định mối quan hệ giữa ứng xuất – biến dạng – sức bền – thời gian trong thiết kế thiết bị nhằm đạt được độ tin cậy thiết kế tối ưu.
Sử dụng các work order (phiếu bảo trì) trong mọi hoạt động bảo trì bảo dưỡng
Xây dựng hệ thống báo cáo hư hỏng và kết quả bảo trì hiệu quả, trực quan.
Xây dựng cơ sở xác định vai trò và trách nhiệm của từng cá nhân trong mọi công tác vận hành và bảo trì thiết bị.
Xây dựng hướng dẫn chi tiết cho việc ra quyết định bảo trì tài sản nhằm giảm thời gian bảo trì
Xem xét mọi khía cạnh: thiết kế kỹ thuật, vật liệu, linh phụ kiện, chế tạo, kiểm soát chất lượng, thử nghiệm, điều kiện vận hành, năng suất, thời gian sử dụng để thiết kế và chế tạo thiết bị đúng và phù hợp từ đầu.
Kiểm tra khả năng bảo trì, độ tin cậy thiết bị từ lúc thiết kế để tối ưu hóa thiết bị trước khi chế tạo.
Lập danh sách kiểm soát chất lượng nhằm giảm tối đa những sai sót phát sinh cho chế tạo, lắp ráp thiết bị
Tối đa hóa khả năng sẵn sàng và thời gian hoạt động của thiết bị để nâng cao năng suất.
Đảm bảo thiết bị có các tài liệu kỹ thuật, sổ tay vận hành đầy đủ để tránh những sai sót trong lắp đặt, vận hành, bảo dưỡng.
Đảm bảo nhân viên vận hành và kỹ thuật viên bảo trì được đào tạo đầy đủ chuyên môn cần thiết và có đủ kinh nghiệm để thực hiện các công việc được giao có liên quan đến máy móc thiết bị.
Có các cảnh báo trực quan và các thiết bị kiểm soát để đảm bảo thiết bị máy móc luôn vận hành trong giới hạn công suất và khả năng tải.
Đảm bảo kiểm soát tốt mục đích sử dụng thiết bị, tránh mọi hành vi sử dụng sai tính năng, sai chỉ số khi vận hành thiết bị.
Thu thập và lưu trữ đầy đủ các dữ liệu về độ tin cậy và khả năng bảo trì để phục vụ cho công tác bảo trì và cải tiến thiết bị.
Giám sát hiệu quả sử dụng thực tế của thiết bị, tỉ lệ sửa chữa chữa để kịp thời có hành động khắc phục trước khi sự cố hư hỏng xảy ra.
Nghiên cứu các phương pháp bảo trì hiệu quả và kinh tế nhất dựa trên phân tích độ tin cậy, khả năng bảo trì, thực tế vận hành và bảo trì của doanh nghiệp.
Xác định độ tin cậy, chi phí của các vật tư phụ tùng bảo trì nhằm có chiến lược tồn kho hiệu quả, giảm chi phí tồn khi
Giảm chi phí sửa chữa, thay thế để tối ưu hóa chi phí bảo hành bảo dưỡng sản phẩm
Thúc đẩy thương mại và doanh số bán hàng dựa trên độ tin cậy sản phẩm và chính sách bảo hành hiệu quả.
Cung cấp các sản phẩm có tuổi thọ cao và dễ bảo trì hơn
He said helplessly, Okay, we ll be entering the capital of Bainiang soon.It can be said that there will be endless troubles, and this time I finally caught such an opportunity.
But My fire control skills are really not worth mentioning.You mean, let the three Void Returners take the blame That s right It was the three of them who were supposed to be the scapegoat.
Shao Nan knew that it must be his own idea that gave them some inspiration.As for Shao Nan, he didn t make any extra moves.However, Shao Nan s luck doesn t seem to be much, maybe Dacheng Huo Linglong is really weak.
Shao Nan stretched his waist, which was really uncomfortable.Seeing the situation clearly, the two sects without Nascent Soul could not possibly be the opponents of Zhenjun Ganyan and the Dao Natural Sect with the strength comparable to Zhenjun Yuanying, Shaonan.
After performing Qianlong Swimming Technique, Shao Nan rushed into the deep pool like a water dragon, without any influence, and searched toward the bottom of the pool as if walking on flat ground in the water.Maybe it can explain something.As for the two whom Fan Tianyou had been looking forward to, they happened to be together now.
Don t interrupt.This matter has to start from Wushuang Shinichi, Xiaocao er knew that Shao Nan was in a hurry, but still started from the beginning.Ordinary magic weapons can be controlled from a distance, but one end of Brother Biao s meteor hammer is always held in his hand.
The scene became more chaotic.Fortunately, Shao Nan told Qingyao Shinichi some possible situations at the initial stage.As expected, the deterrent effect of the three Fanxu who belonged to different forces was significantly stronger.
Of course, there are no ifs in the world.Therefore, no one knew that such a thing was happening under the restricted area of the Sacred Fire Liulizong Volcano.Some of them were formed by formations, and some were formed by disciples of the Dao Natural Sect.
Therefore, you must follow me, otherwise something unexpected will happen.Some people may not have heard of Cheng Zhou Zhenjun.
Quickly summoned another Seven colored Mist Dragon Sword, and two Seven color Mist Dragon Swords rushed towards the two magic weapons.The carriage swayed, all the way to the west, and on the other side of the road, one could vaguely see volcanoes standing tall.
However, Shao Nan soon found himself in a tragedy.Let alone a sword move, just after the Huojian was urged to move, the Huojian shattered and sparks were scattered all over the place.As the saying goes, don t hit a smiling person with your hand, Fengliang Zhenjun is even designing to frame himself.
This time, the way of the Dao Natural Sect is weird everywhere.The most important is.Because there are no elixir and materials in Yeting Valley, high level monks will not come, and low level monks dare not come.
Shouldn t you kneel down and beg for mercy in fear Yan Jianbai had already thought about how to humiliate Shao Nan, but he didn t expect that Shao Nan would not accept it.The more unfavorable it is.Shao Nan sensed his surroundings and found the familiar restriction, so he couldn t help but nodded.
To be continued.Chapter 378 Confused Shao Nan felt his body startle when he heard this voice.A few swords knocked Qiubai s magic weapon into the air, and finally the flying sword landed on Qiubai s chest.
In other words, how can a person who is too weak have any entanglements with the Jiuli sword master That s right, that s right Fellow Daoist Lianzi is right.If it was for Lan Yin s good, the whole sect should be dispatched instead of conserving strength like this.
Not only that, in order to deal with possible emergencies.When Dacheng Huo Linglong attacked, Shao Nan manipulated Wuling Fenghuo to intercept it.
Originally, our idea was to break up the elite into pieces and leave secretly.And after Shao Nan and Lan Yin s guidance, almost all the geniuses comprehended more than 70 of the formation in their hands.
But no one has ever been able to reach the final core area, and no one knows what is in the core area of the Magic Spring Forbidden Land.Shao Nan s intentional power burst out at this moment.
The belly of the five people was round, and there was nothing left of the spiritual meat and vegetables prepared by Shao Nan, and all of them went into the stomachs of the five people.The Bibo Huanyue Clan is very similar to Bailong City in that the Library is open, and anyone can read it freely.
To say that Shao Nan has a lot of affection for lava, it was the fire chrysanthemum he got in the lava at that time, which made Xiaocaoer evolve again.There is also a piece of magma and fire chrysanthemums.
At this time, Shao Nan was running wildly, surprised at the same time.Because the opportunity has come, even if it can t soar into the sky, at least it can reduce a lot of penance time.
What happened in the first place.I don t care about your news I just don t like you, what can you do to me Lan Yuanzhou stared at Min Haoyan without showing any weakness.Because Fan Tianyou knows that no matter what level of spiritual fire it is, it is not easy to refine it, and it is even more difficult to refine it to exert its power.
He looked at the milk bottle on the bedside table next to the bed in the bedroom, thinking about whether to go in However, he did not get her permission.At this scene, the audience was agitated and noisy, and some even laughed.
Li Shaoting admitted that sometimes he is really naughty.Two and a half hours left Two and a half hours Gu Ruoyi was thinking about it and looked at Li Shaoting in confusion Two and a half hours, how about it Li Shaoting stared at her eyes with a deep look, and smiled evilly It takes an hour to go to the company, but, so save it We only have one hour for the rest of the time needed.
Li, we are more than just acquaintances. You, Gu Ruoyi, are my Li Shaoting s woman and my legal wife.Xiaochen felt the aunt s face change in front of him very spiritually, and suddenly became quiet.
Gu Ruoyi looked for the source of the sound and saw an unruly and evil man leading two miniature versions of him towards them.Your father s death makes you sad, but I think that people are born, old, sick and die, and people cannot be resurrected.
I m happy, and maybe I regret that I wronged someone like this Anyone would feel guilty, right What s more, when others told her that he died by his own hands.As a child of their Li family, he was not as angry as expected.
You know, we can do anything Huangfu Rui stared at him like a snake.Kill him Mu Xinran felt guilty and felt very sad. Forget it, Sister Ruoyi, let s not talk about this today.
Xinran, I don t really plan to do it. Before Ye Zixiu could finish his words, a call came in.She didn t know what he was thinking, with a playful expression on his face.
When she noticed that he was still holding the little guy, she thought of the inappropriate scenes on the CD and deliberately coughed, At Ting, ask someone to take the little guy up.
What do you want to do Let me go. Lu Qianxue was a little scared and didn t know what they were going to do to her.It was the first time in my life that I felt so satisfied.
Talents like you are really looked down upon Bai Feifei really refreshed her time and time again.In the office, a petite woman stood in front of Li Shaoting.
Gu Ruoyi had been in the sun for a whole day, but her skin had not changed at all and was still white and glowing.Thinking of this, she wanted to know how Li Haotian would feel if he knew that the person he regarded as his daughter was not his biological child Gradually withdrawing his thoughts, Li Shaoting came down from the second floor and walked to her side.
In the morning, the little guy woke up and saw his daddy lying next to him.Li will remember our past things faster. He agreed.
Li Shaoting said disapprovingly If Mrs. Li wants to hear it, I will tell Mrs.It s like a carefully planned kidnapping. However, on this day, Gu Ruoyi had fainted from crying several times.
Damn it. With that said, the little guy pulled Mu Xinran and walked forward.He is very clean and unstained by the world. He seems to have stepped out of a comic book.
It was as if they were good friends. And the memory also emerged inexplicably.The little guy thought for a while and felt that it would be unreasonable to directly deny that the ants in the box were not in the box What evidence do you have to prove that my ants are poisonous The reporter was silent for a moment.
Her performance just now was really shocking. Even without wearing a beautiful ballet costume, she is still so stunningly beautiful that you can t help but fall in love with her.After doing so many things that are harmful to nature, aren t you afraid of being punished by God Suffering retribution It s also the people of the Li family who will suffer retribution first If I want to receive retribution, I am from the Li family.
Suddenly, a man walked out of the car. The man is very tall, and visually he is 1.Even the Gu family is under his control. Huangfu Ling pretended to be deep in thought, his expression solemn, as if something bad had happened.
Doctor Lin. When the little nurse saw Lin Yan, she lowered her head with a blush and called out shyly.Mu Xinran worked in the small coffee shop she opened and was absent minded all morning.
It also includes some major cooperation with overseas two months ago.Where is Ye Zixiu now Isn t he planning to have this child Has he given up Gu Ruoyi asked.
said nervously. You two losers, do you know what a ward is Is there anything that is not in the ward Lin Yan was dumbfounded by the two bodyguards here.
Gu Yunrou nestled in his arms, a smug smile appeared on the corner of his mouth.Here is painkiller, take it quickly.Wu Cuihua took out the medicine and gave it to Liu Junjun.
When she came, she had already inquired clearly, Chu Han was in a meeting at the company, why did he come here suddenly Her heart was pounding, but she tried to calm herself down.I was drunk and came here to rest.This is the men s court.
Zhao Yunshu nodded, looking at this special room with only one wall and the rest being glass doors and windows, she trusted Chu Han more and more in her heart.If she can t sell back the money for the pre sale tickets after the release, won t she lose a lot Chu Han smiled and said, She thinks it s useful.
He is very low key and few people know about him, and he has already settled in City A.Of course Zhang Qingqing knew that it was too much for her to make such a request, but she didn t want to lose her parents, she didn t want to lose everything, she was still in college, if If her classmates knew that she had a pair of murderer parents, what would everyone think of her She took a deep breath and said, You have called my dad all these years.
Lan Xin welcomed her into the house and introduced to her, This is my brother, this is Brother Jiang Cheng, you have seen him before.Purpose.The cold kiln is a place to punish those who have committed serious crimes and are not allowed to die.
When Chu Kuan was secretly forging weapons, the Three Kingdoms had already obtained the most powerful weapon, Black Fire, and secretly prepared to attack Qi.I am also willing to return everything to her.It is because my parents are reluctant to let me stay in the Zhao family.
Everyone said that he was ungrateful and vicious, and killed his adoptive mother who was so kind to her.She smiled and said, Mr.Chu is back.Zhou Chen thought that the secretary was lying to him, but when she heard her say that he was back, he quickly turned his head and saw a handsome, handsome young man in a suit and leather shoes.
Really Zhao Xueer was ecstatic, Thank you, Uncle Xiao, thank you, Xu Wei, you are really kind to me.If you look at me like this, I will go.It doesn t belong to you.
Qian s heart skipped a beat, if it was really Lin Yiyi who did it, then Lin Yiyi must have known about her and her daughter s plan, and then followed the plan Led her daughter into the trap.Feng Wencai was not afraid, and strode forward, I am this girl s fianc , if you are sensible, get out, or I will sue the government and let you go to jail.
Yan Lu took everyone to another house overnight.Although there was no danger, the child was still frightened.After the preparations are complete, I will go to the funeral.
I am afraid that Yiyi will be wronged if she marries in the past.Yunshu is such a good girl, if you don t like her, there are many people who like her.
Chu Wenlin and Kang looked at each other, but neither said anything.Without evidence, Zhao Xueer can only be framed by red lips and white teeth.
As he said, he summoned the colorful feathered eagle and told it in a low voice, Stay with Ah Yu in the future and protect her for me.She went to see Mrs.Lu in an upright manner, which made her appear magnanimous.
Chu Wenlin looked serious, and asked But what s not thoughtful at home If the servants don t take good care of you, just tell me, and I will punish you severely.Lan Xin looked inside and saw that the layout of the room was mainly pink and white, with pink and white curtains, light pink carpet and bed, round pink princess mosquito nets, and exquisite dressing table, wardrobe, coffee table, and There is a bookshelf full of books.
This is her daughter, her Niuniu, who is already so big.The circumstances are bad.If this official does not handle this matter impartially, it will be reported to the emperor.
He walked up quickly and walked side by side with her.Gu Ruoyi blamed herself for not participating in the little one s most important moment of growth.
Do you know it hurts now She obviously cared about him, but she was always awkward and didn t want to admit it.Li Shaoxi s words of no hatred made Li Wenhua s eyes heat up and sparkle with tears.
breath. Before he had time to think about what would happen next, Li Shaoting could no longer hold back his rage and punched Huangfu Ling hard in the chest.And she was not allowed to pass through the door of her room, and could only go back to the room through another stairway.
Gu Ruoyi couldn t help laughing and laughed I m just kidding you.She stood up and said, Sorry, my eyes are filled with sand.
There are several. These photos are all of Gu Ruoyi.Before, Ash was just coveting a temporary novelty for women like you.
What happened The man suddenly frowned. Master Biao was taken away last night.The little guy played back and forth without feeling bored at all.
Li, but because he was very happy to meet her. Such a powerful actor.You Gu Ruoyi, I will make you look good. Lu Qianxue gritted her teeth.
Sister Ruoyi, I think you should pay more attention when the time comes.However, because the doorknob was too high, she had to stand on tiptoes, hold the doorknob with both hands, and pull it down hard.
Because it was Li Haocheng who killed her. If it weren t for Li Haocheng taking Shan er to escape from marriage, his daughter would still be alive in this world If Shan er hadn t insisted on having Li Haocheng s child regardless of her heart disease, how could her Shan er have died All of this was caused by Li Haocheng and the Li family.
Gu Ruoyi said to Li Shaoting. When the time comes, Grandpa Li said he will hold a 100 day banquet for the little guy.Became a thorn in the side. Even if you don t remember him, it doesn t matter.
As soon as she entered, Gu Ruoyi saw her grandfather and brother sitting on the sofa.Huangfu Ling, can I ask you something Huangfu Ling, I Can I ask you something Gu Ruoyi stood looking at him and asked.
The sudden sound made everyone present look behind.Anyway, she doesn t want to stay in the United States Staying here will only make her worry.
Could it be that Mrs. Li was attracted to this bastard Lin Yan Thinking about it, it seems impossible.He couldn t believe that this was Mu Xinran. The woman who used to dress up beautifully, from her hair to her toenails, now wears long clothes and trousers with a conservative look.
The familiar smell of shower gel was very refreshing.This time, you should believe it, right Xiaochen looked at the proudly showing off woman in front of him and felt very angry.
Suddenly, the door was pushed in violently from the outside, scaring her so much that she took a few steps back.He knew very well what kind of person she was. As for why he didn t expose her, it was just for Haotian s sake.
She also thought that if the little guy s stomach was well nourished, it would be easier to take him away.Gu Ruoyi turned around and rolled her eyes at him Tony, sometimes I think you are more verbose than a woman Gu darling, You can insult me, but you can t insult my personality.
Gu Ruoyi didn t care what she said, walked into the cloakroom, found her nightgown, and took out Li Shaoting s bathrobe at the same time, Should I wash it first or you wash it first Is there any difference Of course it s Li and me.She lowered her head and saw two little guys staring at her curiously, Are you the future mother in law that my mommy told me about The soft voice was filled with a little excitement.
In the office, Li Shaoting was looking through documents The little guy approached Li Shaoting step by step, and then climbed onto another swivel chair.Gu Ruoyi thought very freely, but she didn t know that Fu Yanxuan s words left a little painless pimple in her heart.
If anything happens, remember to call me With that, Bai Luo drove away.By the way, brother, what are you looking at Li Shaoxi moved his face closer to see what he was looking at, which made him look like an iceman.
Then she breathed a sigh of relief Sister Ruoyi. Gu Ruoyi smiled.If they take the stairs, it will be faster than taking the elevator.
Xiao Min had the same expression, not wanting to disappoint Xiao Min, so he nodded Since Xiao Min wants to go, then you can go She didn t go.
