5 Khó khăn trong quản lý tài sản cố định ở doanh nghiệp
Quản lý tài sản cố định (TSCĐ) không chỉ giúp cấp quản lý biết được tình trạng tài sản mà là việc sử dụng những tài sản đã đầu tư có hiệu quả hay chưa, đạt được hết năng suất sử dụng hay chưa để tính toán được bài toán chi phí đầu tư ROI có hiệu quả thế nào.
1.Việc phân loại TSCĐ chưa thống nhất với tính chất tham gia của TSCĐ
“ TSCĐ trong các doanh nghiệp là những tài sản có giá trị lớn và dự tính đem lại lợi ích kinh tế lâu dài cho doanh nghiệp”. Đối với những doanh nghiệp có quy mô lớn thì việc phân loại TSCĐ nhất thiết phải có độ chính xác cao, vì nó ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến khả năng sản xuất của doanh nghiệp.
Một TSCĐ hữu hình khi được đưa vào sử dụng sẽ luôn tuân thủ tối đa các điều kiện của kỹ thuật để đảm bảo hoạt động tốt nhất và hiệu quả nhất. Tuy nhiên, các loại TSCĐ không thể hạn chế được sự ăn mòn do tác động của các yếu tố tự nhiên như thời tiết, khí hậu và môi trường nhưng doanh nghiệp lại không thể bỏ qua điều này. Ở góc độ quản lý, nó sẽ giúp cho doanh nghiệp đánh giá mức độ sử dụng tài sản, từ đó sẽ có chính sách quản lý cũng như thu hồi vốn đầu tư cho TSCĐ hữu hình một cách hợp lý.
2. Phương pháp khấu hao TSCĐ bất hợp lý
Trong các khâu quản lý tại doanh nghiệp thì có thể nói công tác quản lý kế toán TSCĐ là một trong những mắt xích quan trọng nhất. Quản lý và sử dụng tốt TSCĐ không chỉ có tác dụng nâng cao chất lượng năng lực hoạt động, tiết kiệm vốn mà còn là một biện pháp quan trọng khắc phục những tổn thất do hao mòn TSCĐ gây ra.
Theo thông tư 203/2009/TT-BTC ngày 20/10/2009 của Bộ Tài chính quy định việc trích hoặc thôi trích khấu hao TSCĐ thực hiện bắt đầu từ ngày (theo số ngày của tháng) mà TSCĐ tăng hoặc giảm. Tuy nhiên, trên thực tế thì doanh nghiệp vẫn tính khấu hao TSCĐ theo nguyên tắc tròn tháng. Việc tính khấu hao này không phải là sai sót nghiêm trọng nhưng sẽ gây ảnh hưởng đến các chỉ tiêu về chi phí, giá thành, lợi nhuận của doanh nghiệp ở kỳ có biến động tăng hoặc giảm TSCĐ.
Để giảm tải khó khăn cho bộ phận kế toán, rất nhiều doanh nghiệp đã sử dụng phần mềm kế toán online có nghiệp vụ kế toán TSCĐ để: Ghi tăng, Ghi giảm, Đánh giá lại, Điều chuyển, Kiểm kê, Tính khấu hao. Phần mềm đáp ứng nhiều phương pháp tính khấu hao: Đường thẳng, Số dư giảm dần, Theo sản lượng sản phẩm, dịch vụ và tuân thủ đúng các quy định của nhà nước về quản lý và sử dụng TSCĐ như: Thông tư 203/2009/TT-BTC, Thông tư 45/2013/TT-BTC.
Đặc biệt, phần mềm quản lý TSCĐ theo từng phòng ban, bộ phận, phân bổ chi phí khấu hao cho từng đối tượng sử dụng để tập hợp chi phí tính giá thành sản phẩm hoặc tính lãi lỗ theo bộ phận, phòng ban.
3. Xác định sai nguyên giá, giá trị hao mòn và khẩu hao TSCĐ
Lỗi này xuất phát từ việc kế toán kê khai khấu trừ thuế giá trị gia tăng (GTGT) đầu vào khi đầu tư TSCĐ nhưng không đủ điều kiện được khấu trừ. Điều này sẽ dẫn đến việc xác định sai nguyên giá, giá trị hao mòn và khấu hao TSCĐ, ảnh hưởng đến chi phí, kết quả hoạt động của doanh nghiệp và ảnh hưởng đến nghĩa vụ nộp ngân sách nhà nước.
4. Tính sai chi phí sửa chữa lớn TSCĐ
Giá trị gia tăng quyết toán nâng cấp TSCĐ thành sửa chữa lớn TSCĐ. Chi phí nâng cấp TSCĐ được quyết toán tăng nguyên giá TSCĐ nó sẽ ảnh hưởng đến khấu hao TSCĐ. Sửa chữa lớn TSCĐ dù là sửa chữa lớn theo kế hoạch (trích trước chi phí sửa chữa), hay sửa chữa lớn ngoài kế hoạch (phân bổ dần chi phí sửa chữa) thì việc quyết toán chi phí sửa chữa chỉ ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến chi phí sản xuất kinh doanh mà không ảnh hưởng đến khấu hao TSCĐ.
Theo quy định hiện hành thì sửa chữa TSCĐ là công việc bảo dưỡng, thay thế các chi tiết, bộ phận của TSCĐ nhằm khôi phục khả năng hoạt động theo trạng thái hoạt động tiêu chuẩn như thiết kế ban đầu của TSCĐ; nâng cấp TSCĐ là công việc cải tạo, xây lắp, đầu tư bổ sung cho TSCĐ nhằm nâng cao công suất, chất lượng sản phẩm, tính năng, tác dụng của TSCĐ so với thiết kế ban đầu hoặc kéo dài thời gian sử dụng hay làm giảm chi phí hoạt động của TSCĐ so với trước khi nâng cấp.
Với phương pháp kế toán nâng cấp TSCĐ theo chế độ kế toán hiện hành, nguyên giá TSCĐ sau nâng cấp bằng nguyên giá ban đầu của TSCĐ cộng chi phí nâng cấp thực tế; còn giá trị tính khấu hao – hao mòn của TSCĐ sau nâng cấp được xác định bằng giá trị còn lại của TSCĐ được nâng cấp cộng chi phí nâng cấp thực tế.
5. Hệ thống kiểm soát phụ tùng và tồn kho
hệ thống những chỉ tiêu như nguyên giá, giá trị hao mòn luỹ kế, giá trị còn lại, sức sản xuất, tỷ suất hao phí hay tỷ suất sinh lời của TSCĐ… là những chỉ tiêu mang tính quá khứ và mọi đối tượng đều có thể biết khi nghiên cứu các báo cáo tài chính của doanh nghiệp.
Tuy nhiên, để đưa ra các quyết định như thay thế máy móc thiết bị, dây chuyền cũ bằng máy móc, thiết bị, dây chuyền mới hoặc cải tạo hay nâng cấp để tăng khả năng sản xuất – kinh doanh thì những thông tin đó là chưa đủ đối với các nhà quản trị doanh nghiệp. Để có thể đưa ra được những quyết định này, đòi hỏi nhà quản trị phải có thông tin phân tích kết quả kinh doanh trong quá khứ, hiện tại, từ đó đưa ra phương án lựa chọn thích hợp.
Như vậy, thông tin do kế toán nói chung và kế toán TSCĐ nói riêng cung cấp có ý nghĩa thiết thực với mọi đối tượng có lợi ích liên quan từ hoạt động của doanh nghiệp. Khi được tổ chức tốt thì nó sẽ thực sự trở thành công cụ hữu hiệu để nâng cao hiệu quả sử dụng máy móc, thiết bị trong các doanh nghiệp.
Tóm lại: Trong cơ cấu tài sản của doanh nghiệp thì tài sản cố định chiếm tỷ trọng lớn, do đó việc quản lý tài sản cố định một cách chặt chẽ, chi tiết luôn giữ một vai trò hết sức quan trọng với mỗi doanh nghiệp. Chức năng quản lý tài sản cố định có trên phần mềm quản lý tài sản và bảo trì không những đảm bảo đầy đủ các quy định về quản lý tài sản cố định trong doanh nghiệp, liên kết với module kế toán trong việc hạch toán tài khoản, mà còn hỗ trợ giải quyết nhiều bài toán quản trị.
Meng Jingzhe said casually, he thought of the tall man who died in the depths of the mine, and looked down at the brother and sister, secretly thinking that the two probably didn t know their father news of death.If one protoss is destroyed, a new protoss will be born in the fire in the future.
Huaiqing got the answer he wanted, and the heart hanging in his throat suddenly fell back, but the joy and excitement did not weaken, but rushed to his heart.On the altar, Nalan Tianlu stood with his hands behind his back and nodded slightly Start Xiahou Yushu Unlock Your Spring Glow: The Surprisingly Powerful Benefits of Apple Cider Vinegar grabbed the torch and threw it into the brazier.
But Longtu just snorted Someday I won t be able to get along anymore, remember to come back to farm and hunt.Although Meng Jingzhe has seen all of them, they are not so complicated that they cannot be unraveled.
Dafeng urgently needs his combat power now.Zhao Shou sighed, If you can t become a martial god, it may be difficult to contain the Buddha.That s right.Since you are all together, you should be neat and tidy.
He was a pickpocket to treat his younger sister s illness.The days passed like this.Meng Jingzhe hangs around the waist of the Divine Master at all times, so he is very clear that during this time, the Divine Master has never left the shrine secretly, and has never even asked anyone about Axi s whereabouts.
Three Mmm Two It s okay, half step martial arts are not overnight, and the future will last forever, you come back first, Dafeng needs a first class martial artist The more she spoke, the softer she became, and she gradually lost her voice.She fought for the Protoss in her last life.I have seen too many sufferings of other races, so I can understand more To the cold blooded cruelty of the Protoss.
Meng Jingzhe had never felt the killing intent so clearly at such a moment, as if under this sword, he was just a small ant.Among the Gu clan, only Heart Gu master Chun Yan saw through Zhao Shou s intentions and cooperated.
On the other side, the shadow under Gu God rolled and cast shadow jump.Meng Jingzhe said sincerely.Yin Yang value from Li Fengfan 2 Li Fengfan wanted to find some sarcasm from Meng Jingzhe s face, but Meng Could Lily Weight Loss Be the Answer? Unpacking the Science Jingzhe s face was full of sincere emotions, already filled with the satisfaction of being happy for his apprentice from the bottom of his heart.
He finally understood the difficulty of the Son.Leizhou, Panshan County After a long journey, the first group of Mahayana Buddhists finally arrived at their destination.Private voice transmission Little goblin, I will deal with you tonight.
From Li Fengfan s yin and yang value 1 Li Fengfan choked up when he heard the words, he knew that his master had a high level of cultivation, but he didn t expect everything he did , all under the nose of the other party.But a Unlock Your Morning: The Gentle Path to Weight Loss with Apple Cider Vinegar big hand suddenly appeared in midair, grabbing Meng Jingzhe straight.
But correspondingly, his lethality will be weaker.Looking back at Huang, there is only one innate supernatural power in his whole body, and this kind of sword like attribute is Sweeten Your Success: A Complete Guide to Keto Gummies and Weight Loss the most terrifying.Why But the countries in the Western Regions are going to war with me I haven t received any news yet.
It s a pity that these children of his were washed away by the dead water at this time, as if they were going to the ends of the world.The Dragon Yin Sword ate the heart of the Holy Land, and it became a saint, so the tree could not refuse its request.
He raised his foot and was about to step on it.Yang Gong said urgently Back three hundred feet.At this time, he really thought seriously stand up.
But Meng Jingzhe took advantage of this moment and asked curiously Where is the blood of the strongest Don t you sacrifice it Sixi frowned.The Taifu smiled gratifiedly, and his old face blossomed into a smile I am a great respecter of outstanding people, and there are still amazing juniors.
Now we can only do our best and obey the destiny.Regardless of his sadness, he bowed to Huaiqing, leaped onto the spine of Unlock Your Potential: Achieving Sustainable Weight Loss with a 1-Month Vegan Diet his sword, and roared away.Seeing him coming back, Grandma Tiangu s eyes lit up, her whole body visibly relaxed, leaning on a crutch, she staggered and sat down on the big chair beside her.
Basically, there were no major problems. The areas that need rectification and adjustment mainly focus on the composition of the department and the replenishment of equipment, but this is not a big problem and can basically Unlock Your Metabolism: Delicious Ways to Use Apple Cider Vinegar for Weight Loss be solved by spending a little money.Du Heng did not object to the blind date introduction.
Li Chengzu s secret boasting was extinguished by Du Heng s unintentional words.In this case, by the time the blood circulation is restored, all the blood vessels in the soles of the feet will have been necrotic.
He really didn t expect that the pain of resetting would be far more painful than smashing the hoe.This means that in addition to acute convulsions, he also had acute pneumonia.
The emotions were finally released, and the crying gradually subsided, from wailing to soft sobbing, which slowly turned into a cycle.When it comes to the study of village doctors, Du Heng feels that it is a bit of God s will.
Me Du Heng s expression was a little stiff. You co authored it and snatched someone else s admission quota.Seeing that the old man was so resolute, Du Heng was a little embarrassed.
Du Heng wanted to perform scraping on Wu Shengnan, and Li Jianwei was really worried.If he presses for a long time, he will feel weak and weak.
The gender of the fetus is a big or small matter. If parents don t care about men and women, they rarely ask, and they will still keep a sense of expectation.At this time, everyone behind Du Heng who could understand had only one thought in their mind I might not be able to save the sole of my foot.
There is also the last person, the head of the logistics department, Cao.It s just a symptom of aging and the deterioration of body functions.
You can find it, but this mutton fat is not easy to find.Du Heng refused directly, It s okay, here It s very spacious, and you can also look at the car, which is nice.
There are so many problems that must be solved at the same time.But Du Unlock Your Metabolism: Can Apple Cider Vinegar Really Help You Lose 1 Inch in 4 Weeks? Heng, who was sitting behind the desk, frowned and said, Vice President Cui, what are your standards for purchasing these things Two thousand yuan for leaders, one thousand yuan for established staff, and five hundred yuan for contract employees.
The man on the steps was irritated by Lao Wang s attitude.Cao Binghe typed very fast. Basically, when Du Heng finished speaking, he had already finished typing.
Du Heng knew the general matter on the phone yesterday.When you graduate, you can directly take the postgraduate tutor pre job training certificate and everything will be settled.
It s understandable that Yang Zhengnong only goes out for one day and has to take care of food and drink.When he arrived in the office, Du Heng asked Wu Buwei, Buwei, what is the result of your dialectics Wu Buwei sat in a chair and was silent.
If he doesn t convince everyone, he won t be able to get the money.Now he has learned one thing, that is, sometimes, there are things that can be done, but words cannot be said.
It was not convenient for the three of them to discuss the condition in the ward.To correct this problem, it is necessary to break the underlying thinking logic in this person s mind and then reshape the new logical code.
By diagnosing the pulse and observing the tongue coating, Du Heng judged that this was a symptom of a severe cold.The few of them now rely on the sudden increase in outpatients.
From the chat with Yang Wei just now, I learned that Yang Yuansheng s ascites was drained only last month, but now his belly is visible to the naked eye, and the ascites is developing too fast.Help me go through the external employment procedures here.
This is an irreversible phenomenon. If I have to extend the old man s life, I can do it, at least half a year, and at most a year.What will she do I don t know, she didn t say. But I will pick her up tomorrow, and I will know then.
The man looked at Du Heng and calmed down his emotions slightly, Doctor, tell me, I m listening.Then have you given your wife the prescription he prescribed I must have drank it.
They sounded like comforting words, but the smile at the corner of Wei Kaida s mouth was very breathtaking.Dean Du, it s not me. Being petty and insisting on fighting with him, the main reason is that this person really doesn t know what is good and what is evil.
Du Heng nodded, It s true that live broadcasting is not easy.After drinking the second decoction, I observed him for another half hour.
If a man loses control, a woman is no match. It s okay if you don t see it, but if you see it, it doesn t matter.Just when Du Heng wanted to say something, the sound of the aluminum alloy door being opened sounded behind them.
Du Heng s arm was already sore after just less than a minute of compression.Du Heng didn t know that Zhou Yixian Kickstart Your New Year with the Power of Apple Cider Vinegar took advantage of this time to find the director of the traditional Chinese medicine department of the hospital to help him look at the prescription for the dean s signature.
His heart was beating so fast that it felt like it was going to pop out of his throat.Good director. Liu Gong agreed and immediately turned around and ran upstairs.
Ms. Zhou obviously didn t believe Du Heng. If Du Heng hadn t done any research, why would everyone be able to talk about personal topics when they met for the first time.Once, twice, three times.
The problem with this patient is that the previous doctor mistakenly mistook internal wind for external wind, and then used external wind medicine to treat internal wind, thus treating the patient with both qi and yin injuries.
They worked for seven or eight minutes, but to no avail.If something goes wrong, the patient may be sent away early.
Brother Gong, please tell me some news. However, Du Heng s words also aroused Gong Daoyang s curiosity.The father, who was in his 60s, pulled him out of the health center s gate.
It s a complete fake. I guess it might be something made from flour and starch.
Ah, this.Meng Jingzhe paused, and said in amazement Do you also want to be famous From Li Fengfan s yin and yang value 2 Could it be that the master thinks that the disciple is not worthy Li Fengfan asked.Can you be invisible Axi asked in surprise.Meng Jingzhe nodded, and soon he realized the current state.
Unexpectedly, at this time, a white shadow suddenly appeared beside him, directly blocking his eyebrows.There is a piece of paper.The little girl opened the bag containing the silver, and found that there was a small note with the broken silver, but she couldn t read.
As long as it is not a direct disciple of Jianzheng, everything is easy to talk about.When Revitalize Your Body for Easter: The Unexpected Power of Apple Cider Vinegar Axi saw the arrival of the God Master, she was taken aback for a moment, but soon she mustered up her courage and said, Don t worry, I will definitely clean the pool clean.
Si Xi no longer looked at him, but turned to stare at the altar.Twelve pairs of arms held swords and spears each.The halberd stupa, the red silk and other illusory magic tools.
Everything in this world, to Meng Jingzhe, seems to be developing at an abnormal speed, like double the speed.For this scene, Sixi didn t raise her eyelids, but still roasted Meng Xiaotian s soul with the magic fire.
The hearts of the members of the Tiandihui sank, and the sense of crisis and anxiety surged up again.Meng Jingzhe said again This tracing disk does not seem to be a sect s thing.
A thunderstorm struck the ground, knocking out all the superpowers in the imperial study room.The peace knife was inserted in front of Xu Qi an, conveying excitement and excitement, which probably meant Master, I m an old man now Don t talk nonsense, follow me to kill the enemy.
But Meng Jingzhe remembered that the appearance of the god master when he was studying this word was not at all like studying his own name, but as if he was studying a Witnessing Autumn's Magic: The Surprising Fall Transformation Inspired by Apple Cider Vinegar great enemy.Just relying on the backlash of heaven to deter the enemy killing those with deep fortune will lead to catastrophe.
So after being deceived again, he didn t expect the Buddha Pagoda to save him.It s okay if the offspring are difficult, but I m afraid it s reproductive isolation.
The snowflakes are crystal clear, a small piece, but it carries the meaning of endless snowflakes.Meng Jingzhe carefully recalled the things about the five clans that Xiaotong had popularized.
Master Nalan Yu, everything is ready.Xiahou Yushu, the monarch of the Yasukuni Fall’s Secret Weapon? Exploring Apple Cider Vinegar for Sustainable Weight Loss Kingdom, stepped onto the altar and saluted respectfully.This is their great wizard.The sky and the earth instantly became blazing white, and the thunder pillars twisted and danced wildly.
They gather together regardless of their species, forming a mighty army of walking corpses.The witch god died by himself.He chose to dissipate in a more dignified way.
Let s go together.The choice of the master of the artifact depends entirely on the intention of the artifact, but Long Yinjian always tells herself in the bottom of her heart that she is a loyal artifact, and she will not change owners easily when she is a artifact for a day.Is it true that you are too forgetful, and you are not going out of the mountain, are you really forgetful, or are you greedy for life and afraid of death The holy son took a deep breath, and roared angrily, Tianzun, Beat the Heat: Refreshing Summer Diets Featuring Apple Cider Vinegar hello to your mother Sun to your mother.
The queen s heart trembled, she didn t know what happened, she just felt an instinctive tremor.As long as he is given a few seconds, he can suppress Qijue Gu and crush its consciousness, but the two super ranks will not give him this time.
He made great contributions and was promoted to the University of Huagaidian.