Phòng tránh 5 sai lầm thường gặp khi triển khai ERP
Giống như hệ thống thần kinh, phần mềm ERP thu thập dữ liệu quan trọng từ nhiều nguồn khác nhau, tập trung dữ liệu vào một khu vực trung tâm, nơi thông tin được tổng hợp và phân tích. Khi hệ thống hoạt động ổn định, đây sẽ là nguồn cung cấp thông tin đáng tin cậy của chủ doanh nghiệp. Tuy nhiên, khi quá trình triển khai ERP gặp trục trặc, nguồn cung cấp thông tin này có thể tác động tiêu cực đến chuỗi cung ứng, các quyết định của tổ chức và toàn bộ các chức năng kinh doanh quan trọng khác.
Triển khai ERP là một công việc khó khăn, ngay cả với các doanh nghiệp lớn, sở hữu quy trình hoạt động bài bản. Để triển khai thành công, các doanh nghiệp cần khai thác tối đa bài học kinh nghiệm từ các tổ chức đi trước, đặc biệt các doanh nghiệp trong cùng ngành nghề, lĩnh vực. Để giúp các doanh nghiệp nhận thức được đầy đủ về những cạm bẫy tiềm ẩn khi triển khai giải pháp ERP, Panorama đã nêu ra năm sai lầm chính dẫn đến thất bại trong triển khai doanh nghiệp cần tránh:
Sai lầm #1: Mua một phần mềm ERP không cần thiết
Các tổ chức thường không cảm thấy hài lòng với hệ thống quản lý chuỗi cung ứng hoặc quản lý nhân sự hiện tại và quyết định thay thế phần mềm hiện tại bằng một phần mềm mới được nhận định ưu việt hơn.
Bạn muốn ăn cả một con voi, nhưng dạ dày bạn chỉ có thể chứa được một con thỏ. Tương tự, khi triển khai ERP, bạn có thể muốn triển khai tất cả mọi ý tưởng bạn nghĩ ra trong đầu. Bạn cảm thấy thích thú với các bản demo hấp dẫn của các nhà cung cấp mới. Tất cả những yếu tố đó, cộng thêm sự thất vọng về phần mềm cũ khiến bạn dễ dàng đi tới quyết định phá bỏ phần mềm cũ và chuyển sang phần mềm mới mà thiếu sự cân nhắc về mức độ cần thiết và thời điểm triển khai từng tính năng.
Trước khi triển khai một hệ thống mới, chúng tôi khuyên bạn nên thành lập một nhóm dự án để xác định mức độ cần thiết của hệ thống mới. Bạn cũng có thể tham khảo ý kiến tư vấn từ các chuyên gia tư vấn giàu kinh nghiệm.
Sai lầm #2: Thiếu tập trung vào nhu cầu cốt lõi
Các công ty thường bị thu hút bởi sự phong phú tính năng của các phần mềm mới và nhanh chóng quyết định triển khai. Đặc biệt khi doanh nghiệp chưa xác định đúng nhu cầu cốt lõi và cấp thiết của tổ chức. Việc quyết định nhanh chóng có thể khiến doanh nghiệp bỏ qua nhiều công đoạn quan trọng. Khi phạm vi dự án không được xác định rõ ràng, ngân sách có thể sẽ bị đội lên gấp nhiều lần.
Khi lập kế hoạch triển khai, tổ chức của bạn nên xác định các mục tiêu rõ ràng. Ngoài ra, bạn nên tính toán về hiệu suất ước lượng thông qua các chỉ số, cân đối hiệu quả và ngân sách bỏ ra, thời gian triển khai. Việc bao quát và chi tiết hóa các đầu mục trong kế hoạch sẽ là một tờ giấy thông hành tốt giúp doanh nghiệp của bạn triển khai phần mềm quản trị doanh nghiệp thuận lợi, đảm bảo thành công.
Sai lầm #3: Lập kế hoạch không đầy đủ
Theo báo cáo của Panorama trong nhiều năm liên tục, một bản kế hoạch rõ ràng là khung xương sống của toàn bộ dự án ERP. Người lập kế hoạch phải được trang bị đầy đủ kiến thức về chiến lược, định hướng doanh nghiệp. Bản kế hoạch phải tập trung hướng đến mục tiêu cốt lõi, chứa đựng các mốc thời gian thực tế. Việc quá lạc quan vào tiến độ triển khai và thiếu chú trọng đến việc tái cấu trúc quy trình kinh doanh và thường bỏ qua quản lý thay đổi tổ chức.
Khi chuẩn bị triển khai ERP, bạn nên lập kế hoạch dựa trên sự kết hợp của mục tiêu chiến lược cấp cao và chia chúng thành các nhiệm vụ nhỏ cho đến khi bạn đạt được mục tiêu chiến lược. Trước giai đoạn lập kế hoạch, bạn cần thực hiện khảo sát các bộ phận và các nhóm nhân viên liên quan để đảm bảo bản kế hoạch không bỏ sót bất kỳ yêu cầu nào. Bạn cũng nên lập ra các phương án triển khai dự phòng để phòng ngừa các vấn đề tiềm ẩn.
Sai lầm #4: Tài nguyên không đầy đủ
Việc chỉ định các nhân viên quan trọng tham gia dự án ERP mà không lập kế hoạch cẩn thận có thể là một công thức cho thảm họa. Các nhân sự thường được nhặt từ các phòng ban. Vì vậy, họ phải dành một phần thời gian trước đây chuyển vào đầu tư triển khai ERP. Sự thiếu tập trung có thể dẫn đến sai sót và gia tăng thời gian đào tạo, triển khai. Điều này cũng có thể dẫn tới phản hồi không tốt từ phía người dùng. Họ cảm thấy khi đưa phần mềm vào sử dụng, khối lượng công việc của họ gia tăng đáng kể. Nếu không có kiến thức và tinh thần quyết tâm, dự án ERP của bạn rất dễ gặp thất bại.
Phân bổ nguồn lực hợp lý là yếu tố rất quan trọng. Tổ chức của bạn phải thực hiện các cam kết nội bộ cần thiết để đảm bảo thành công. Một đội dự án mạnh được xây dựng ngay trong chính tổ chức sẽ làm giảm thiểu tối đa khả năng thất bại của dự án triển khai ERP.
Sai lầm #5: Tùy chỉnh quá mức
Sự cứng nhắc của doanh nghiệp trong việc điều chỉnh quy trình và đánh giá sai lầm về các quy trình tạo lợi thế cạnh tranh đã dẫn đến nhu cầu tùy chỉnh mạnh mẽ của các doanh nghiệp trong hầu hết các dự án triển khai ERP. Tùy chỉnh có thể tạo ra các hệ thống cực kỳ phức tạp và mở rộng phạm vi dự án của bạn. Điều này không có nghĩa là nên tránh tất cả các tùy chỉnh, nhưng việc bạn kỳ vọng hệ thống ERP như một giải pháp đáp ứng mọi nhu cầu trong mọi tình huống là điều không thực tế.
Tổ chức của bạn phải xây dựng một đội quản trị dự án mạnh để đảm bảo việc tùy chỉnh không vượt khỏi tầm kiểm soát. Các chuyên gia quản lý dự án có thể giúp doanh nghiệp giảm thiểu sự leo thang của nhu cầu tùy chính, do đó kiểm soát chi phí tốt hơn.
Tránh thất bại ERP
Đầu tư vào quá trình lập kế hoạch triển khai ERP và duy trì sự thống nhất, đồng lòng nhất trí của tổ chức sẽ giúp bạn tránh được thất bại trong dự án ERP.
Liên hệ với các chuyên gia tư vấn của ERPViet theo hotline 0986.778.578 để định hình rõ hơn về dự án ERP và đảm bảo thành công triển khai.
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Chu Han is tall and walks fast, and he arrives in the town in less than half an hour.But this time I must reward you well.Zhao Xuan coughed lightly, implying his father.
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