Doanh nghiệp dệt may, da giày trước nỗi lo khan hiếm lao động
Ngày 8/10, Hiệp hội Dệt may Việt Nam đã tổ chức buổi đối thoại trực tuyến với chủ đề “Chung sức vì sự phục hồi bền vững ngành dệt may và da giày Việt Nam”.
Đối thoại trực tuyến Chung sức vì sự phục hồi bền vững ngành dệt may – da giày Việt Nam. Ảnh Đức Dũng/BNEWS/TTXVN
1. Tình hình lao động ngành dệt may – gia dày Việt Nam trong dịch Covid-19
Tại buổi đối thoại, các ý kiến cho rằng, vấn đề kéo người lao động trở lại làm việc vẫn là bài toán khó với các doanh nghiệp.
Theo báo cáo từ Hiệp hội Dệt may Việt Nam, ngành dệt may, da giày là hai ngành sử dụng nhiều lao động nhất trong các ngành kinh tế của Việt Nam.
Dệt may có khoảng 2 triệu lao động công nghiệp (chiếm 25% lao động toàn ngành công nghiệp Chế biến chế tạo). Da giày cũng sử dụng khoảng 1,4 triệu lao động công nghiệp (chiếm 18,2%). Ngoài ra, còn có gần 1,5 triệu người kinh doanh thương mại và dịch vụ liên quan đến dệt may, da giày.
Đây cũng là hai ngành có kim ngạch xuất khẩu rất lớn. Năm 2019 đã đạt gần 60 tỷ USD, chiếm trên 22% kim ngạch xuất khẩu cả nước; trong đó, dệt may đạt gần 39 tỷ USD và da giày đạt gần 20 tỷ USD.
Tuy nhiên, bà Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Mai, Phó Tổng thư ký, Hiệp hội Dệt May Việt Nam cho hay, từ đầu năm 2020, khi dịch COVID-19 bùng phát tại Trung Quốc sau đó lan ra toàn thế giới, chưa bao giờ chuỗi cung ứng của hai ngành này phải đối mặt với những thách thức vô cùng lớn do gián đoạn nguồn cung nguyên phụ liệu và sụt giảm nhu cầu tiêu thụ sản phẩm tại các thị trường chính.
Năm 2020, là năm đầu tiên hai ngành có mức tăng trưởng âm khoảng 10% sau vài chục năm tăng liên tục, ở mức cao.
Từ cuối tháng 4/2021 đến nay, dịch COVID-19 đã làm cho nhiều doanh nghiệp dệt may, da giày phải đóng cửa, thu hẹp sản xuất, người lao động mất việc làm. Riêng ngành dệt may lực lượng lao động tại khu vực này khoảng trên 1,2 triệu người chiếm gần 65% lao động toàn ngành.
“Nhiều doanh nghiệp thực hiện phương án sản xuất “3 tại chỗ”; “một cung đường – hai điểm đến”, “4 xanh”… nhưng với chi phí xét nghiệm, chi phí sản xuất rất lớn và nguy cơ lây nhiễm vẫn rất cao, nên chỉ là giải pháp tình thế cho một bộ phận doanh nghiệp và không thể kéo dài.
Phương án phòng chống dịch giữa các địa phương không thống nhất, nơi đóng – nơi mở, nơi chặt – nơi lỏng… cũng là nguyên nhân gây ách tắc khâu vận chuyển nguyên phụ liệu và hàng hóa xuất khẩu”, bà Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Mai nói.
Theo số liệu của Tổng cục thống kê, kim ngạch xuất khẩu dệt may tháng 8/2021 giảm 15,9% so với tháng 7/2021 và tháng 9/2021 tiếp tục giảm 9,2% so với tháng 8/2021.
Đặc biệt, tâm lý lo sợ lây nhiễm cùng với đời sống khó khăn, do không đi làm, không có thu nhập, đã khiến hàng triệu người lao động rời bỏ TP. Hồ Chí Minh, Bình Dương, Đồng Nai… về quê và không ít trong số đó là công nhân dệt may, da giày.
2. Bài toán lao động ngành dệt may da giày Việt Nam
Tại buổi đối thoại, bà Phan Thị Thanh Xuân, Phó Chủ tịch kiêm Tổng thư ký Hiệp hội Da giày-Túi xách Việt Nam cho hay, chuỗi cung ứng dệt may, da giày lại một lần nữa có nguy cơ đứt gãy không phải do yếu tố cung – cầu bên ngoài mà do chính yếu tố trong nước; trong đó việc khan hiếm lao động là một nguyên nhân chính.
Đây là bài toán khó cho các doanh nghiệp dệt may, da giày khi bước vào giai đoạn phục hồi sản xuất theo chủ trương mới của Chính phủ là “Thích ứng an toàn, linh hoạt, kiểm soát hiệu quả dịch COVID-19” thay cho chủ trương “Không có COVID-19”.
Bà Xuân cho rằng, nếu chỉ phụ thuộc nguồn cung nguyên phụ liệu cũng như nhu cầu tiêu thụ của một số thị trường nào đó, rủi ro sẽ rất lớn khi có biến động. Sắp tới chúng ta phải tìm cách nâng tỷ lệ chủ động nguồn cung để tránh phụ thuộc và hưởng lợi từ các FTA.
Thứ hai, người lao động là vốn quý nhất của doanh nghiệp, nhất là đối với các ngành sử dụng nhiều lao động như dệt may, da giày. Việc giữ chân người lao động, làm cho họ gắn bó với doanh nghiệp là giải pháp căn cơ mà mỗi doanh nghiệp phải làm; trong đó có các vấn đề cấp bách như tiêm vaccine, chế độ hỗ trợ…
Theo khảo sát từ Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Quan hệ lao động (ERC), có tới 62% lao động trong các ngành bị giảm thu nhập do bị giãn ca, làm việc không liên tục; độ chênh lệch phủ vaccine giữa các tỉnh miền Nam và miền Bắc – Trung cũng khá lớn. Lượng người lao động về quê khó tiếp cận với vaccine hơn; những hỗ trợ, trợ cấp chưa đến được tay người lao động…
TS. Đỗ Quỳnh Chi, đại diện ERC cho hay, nếu không có biện pháp hỗ trợ tích cực, sẽ phải mất 3-5 tháng để người lao động di cư trở lại nhà máy. Để kéo người lao động trở lại làm việc trong giai đoạn phục hồi, cần phải tiêm vaccine cho người lao động; trong đó lưu ý tăng cường cho khu vực miền Bắc và miền Trung, người lao động di cư về quê. Ngoài ra cần có thể cân nhắc nới lỏng biện pháp chống dịch, lưu thông giữa các tỉnh, cho phép người lao động đã tiêm ít nhất 1 mũi vaccine làm việc bình thường…
“Với doanh nghiệp, cần thường xuyên liên hệ với người lao động để nắm tình hình và hỗ trợ ngay khi cần thiết, thuxếp cho người lao động di cư về quê an toàn hay tiêm vaccine để họ sớm trở lại hoạt động sản xuất”, bà Chi nói…/.
Sword cultivator is a combat oriented profession. The combat power of any sword cultivator Haze Cbd Gummies Benefits 87363 Reviews And Expert Opinions will be more powerful than ordinary monks of the same level.The Chaos Sword Intent no longer has the sharp edge as before, and its consumption has been reduced a lot, but its power has increased instead of falling.
The distance of the previous space receiving array was only thousands of miles.While thinking about it, he used his spiritual mind to connect to the sect mission of the formation.
If this figure could really contact the powerful, it would really make the Heavenly Ghost dare not do anything to him, but now it is just a shell created by the spirit.The Yuqing Sect and the Baidi Sect have always acted domineeringly, but now when they perform their tasks, they have no other superpowers to help them and can only rely on themselves.
However, when Li Yuanba rushed through the gathering range of the Dongtian Guardians, there were at least hundreds of Dongtian Guardians chasing him behind him.The originally rich spiritual energy in the cave sky was reduced at an extremely fast speed.
Although she believed in Li Yuanba s means of escaping, she was still worried.There is a pity for the cutting power in the petals.
Some live here, and many more come here for business.Eight mid stage Wellness Cbd 21 Gummies Mg Benefits Reviews And Guide golden corpses rushed to the front line of the battlefield, lined up and charging towards the hell creatures.
Brother Qiao did not return to Hell Island and did not act with them, so he must be hiding and preparing for revenge.But today, his five Nascent Souls simultaneously raised their realm to the peak of the middle Nascent Soul, but he did not feel the bottleneck.
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Fellow Taoist, your swordsmanship talent is stronger Li Shiming couldn t help but sigh.The effect of practicing the Tianren Jue is really great.
A fourth level Qi Refining monk who he easily caught and a thief who he regarded as stealing his sweetheart actually played tricks in front of him.Li The Benefits And Science Behind Keto Cbd Gummies Kbnux 10527 Shiming did not hesitate, turned around and entered the temporary cave.
The Wuliang Sect dances the most happily. I really want to Cbd Gummies For Ed 9448 Where To Buy Them drive them away first Tang Xuening came to Li Yuanba at this time and complained while explaining.Li Yuanba stood together with the two great sword cultivators.
The jade box contains this fourth grade spiritual tea, but what about the jade bottle With curiosity, he used his spiritual consciousness to enter the jade bottle, and he saw a total of ten great monk elixirs.Master Li, you are a client of a trading company. I will charge you the highest purchase price.
Thanks to Rotsen for the 5 yuan reward End of this chapter Li Shiming looked at Wellness Farms Cbd Gummies Mg A Comprehensive 34297 Review Of Their Effectiveness And Benefits Lejpi the Ling Jade Fountain and Fire Jade Furnace which were placed in two jade boxes.Li Yuanba also took action, and his attack targets were the hell sheep headed creatures hidden behind the powerful defensive hell creatures.
Qingyang took it in his hand and immediately felt the difference in the dragon bone.After so many years of accumulation, in addition to Duanmu Fei, the Duanmu family has three other foundation building monks, but their strength is not high.
As long as he moves his mind, The world will change according to his will.The speed of both sides was so fast that the surrounding Jindan monks did not see anything.
Although he does not attach great importance to the distinction between men and women, he has been affected to some extent.When the Yang family chased Qing, Yang, although he killed Liu Wei, he also lost Yang Mu.
Zhenjun Chiye was in disgrace, Zhenren Yuanzhu would definitely not have a good outcome, and Qingyang also let out a bad breath.Seeing this situation, the golden elixir monk on the left knew that Qingyang was determined not to follow them, so he snorted coldly, Then there s no need to talk, senior brother, let s do it.
He didn t stand up for a long time. It was obvious that he was seriously injured.However, it was too difficult for him to use his spiritual thoughts at that time, and Master Guihe was close at hand.
There are ways to improve her qualifications. Fortunately, she still has a long life and things are not that urgent.No matter how much it was, they couldn t afford it.
His performance was even more unbearable. He was completely suppressed and beaten by Duanmu Fei.Not long after, he was accepted as a direct disciple by Elder Jindan.
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Monks who don t need it may not be interested, but for those who need it, it s hard to find.A group of fruit trees were killed by the seducer Sang Fan and the one eyed dragon Leng Yu.
Now that we have finally stabilized, we naturally cherish our current life.The unknown grave that Qingyang built with his own hands almost disappeared because it had not been taken care of for a long time.
Although Qingyang and Master Lingxu are limited in strength, they still have vision.Naturally, we couldn t give up halfway at this time, not to mention that Mei Qing was still waiting outside.
At this moment, a thick spiritual energy suddenly emerged from the stone peak, and then a colorful ray of light came out, which not only frightened Qingyang, but also attracted the giant crocodile of Huangquan who was about to leave.
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It s just that Lin En had heard about elemental control before.
Abuse and denunciation resounded continuously in the church, but some of the bishops did not participate because they found that the method of verification was given in the leaflet, and it was extremely simple According to Linn s deduction, divine energy is a special kind of magic.Several possible models were presented in the void in the form of magical mimicry, leaving Harrov, Aurora and Vittorio open minded.
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In addition, the empire s expeditionary fleet may still be floating on the sea at this time, and there should not be another war in the short term.
It vividly demonstrates what it means to trap lightning in a light bulb.Yolande, Tik and others immediately nodded. They understood that now has reached the most critical moment.
It 01 How Does It Work How To Use It came so quickly. Can you confirm how many people there are
no, how many gods are there Aurora asked solemnly.As soon as they entered the foyer, the two of them were shocked by the sight in front of them, because the entire castle underground was empty, and what appeared in front of them was a spiral winding road that led to no one knows where.
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For example, the specific age of Vittorio, the eldest among the speakers, is unknown, but he is already among the wizards.
Because his talent is the body protecting stone skin, which is enough to be immune to a large number of physical attacks, and his endurance is endless as long as he stands on Earthmed Cbd Gummies 53851 Reasons Theyre Worth Trying the earth, so he is called the Earth Bear.While several people were discussing, the giant beast that suddenly appeared moved.
Finally, there is the Totem Collection task. Totem Collection Please collect totems, and rewards will be given according to quality.If it were in another place, he might actually be able to save people successfully.
Qin An, do you think we can find a place with our backs to the wind Under the bright moonlight, the rough north wind carried a harsh whistle, passing through the open wilderness, blowing out a few torches, making it even more like Countless flying knives cut into human skin.Compared with ordinary golden dragons, in addition to its slightly larger and stronger dragon body, it also has dragon horns woven into a crown, making it appear mighty and domineering.
After losing nearly 4,000 points of proficiency, he became a human being and went further and further down the road of becoming a dragon.However, its special environment makes this area rich in precious resources.
So scary The attack power of the flame ball increased by more than ten times, it was simply too powerful.Using the undead summons here is completely suicidal.
There are also supplies If there are too many units, not many guilds can afford supplies.Even the men and horses were shrouded in pitch black armor.
The number is not large, less than 30,000. Compared with the number of hundreds of thousands ambushed, it is not a measurement at all.If used as cannon fodder, it will die peacefully under the enemy s concentrated fire.
Although the power he can exert alone is far less powerful than when he controls the Abyss Diver, the Golden Dragon is far from comparable to that terrifying target.Expected means that the other party came here naturally to investigate the plane fragments, and unreasonable means that the other party was able to break through such a tight defense line and enter here.
