Doanh nghiệp dệt may, da giày trước nỗi lo khan hiếm lao động
Ngày 8/10, Hiệp hội Dệt may Việt Nam đã tổ chức buổi đối thoại trực tuyến với chủ đề “Chung sức vì sự phục hồi bền vững ngành dệt may và da giày Việt Nam”.
Đối thoại trực tuyến Chung sức vì sự phục hồi bền vững ngành dệt may – da giày Việt Nam. Ảnh Đức Dũng/BNEWS/TTXVN
1. Tình hình lao động ngành dệt may – gia dày Việt Nam trong dịch Covid-19
Tại buổi đối thoại, các ý kiến cho rằng, vấn đề kéo người lao động trở lại làm việc vẫn là bài toán khó với các doanh nghiệp.
Theo báo cáo từ Hiệp hội Dệt may Việt Nam, ngành dệt may, da giày là hai ngành sử dụng nhiều lao động nhất trong các ngành kinh tế của Việt Nam.
Dệt may có khoảng 2 triệu lao động công nghiệp (chiếm 25% lao động toàn ngành công nghiệp Chế biến chế tạo). Da giày cũng sử dụng khoảng 1,4 triệu lao động công nghiệp (chiếm 18,2%). Ngoài ra, còn có gần 1,5 triệu người kinh doanh thương mại và dịch vụ liên quan đến dệt may, da giày.
Đây cũng là hai ngành có kim ngạch xuất khẩu rất lớn. Năm 2019 đã đạt gần 60 tỷ USD, chiếm trên 22% kim ngạch xuất khẩu cả nước; trong đó, dệt may đạt gần 39 tỷ USD và da giày đạt gần 20 tỷ USD.
Tuy nhiên, bà Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Mai, Phó Tổng thư ký, Hiệp hội Dệt May Việt Nam cho hay, từ đầu năm 2020, khi dịch COVID-19 bùng phát tại Trung Quốc sau đó lan ra toàn thế giới, chưa bao giờ chuỗi cung ứng của hai ngành này phải đối mặt với những thách thức vô cùng lớn do gián đoạn nguồn cung nguyên phụ liệu và sụt giảm nhu cầu tiêu thụ sản phẩm tại các thị trường chính.
Năm 2020, là năm đầu tiên hai ngành có mức tăng trưởng âm khoảng 10% sau vài chục năm tăng liên tục, ở mức cao.
Từ cuối tháng 4/2021 đến nay, dịch COVID-19 đã làm cho nhiều doanh nghiệp dệt may, da giày phải đóng cửa, thu hẹp sản xuất, người lao động mất việc làm. Riêng ngành dệt may lực lượng lao động tại khu vực này khoảng trên 1,2 triệu người chiếm gần 65% lao động toàn ngành.
“Nhiều doanh nghiệp thực hiện phương án sản xuất “3 tại chỗ”; “một cung đường – hai điểm đến”, “4 xanh”… nhưng với chi phí xét nghiệm, chi phí sản xuất rất lớn và nguy cơ lây nhiễm vẫn rất cao, nên chỉ là giải pháp tình thế cho một bộ phận doanh nghiệp và không thể kéo dài.
Phương án phòng chống dịch giữa các địa phương không thống nhất, nơi đóng – nơi mở, nơi chặt – nơi lỏng… cũng là nguyên nhân gây ách tắc khâu vận chuyển nguyên phụ liệu và hàng hóa xuất khẩu”, bà Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Mai nói.
Theo số liệu của Tổng cục thống kê, kim ngạch xuất khẩu dệt may tháng 8/2021 giảm 15,9% so với tháng 7/2021 và tháng 9/2021 tiếp tục giảm 9,2% so với tháng 8/2021.
Đặc biệt, tâm lý lo sợ lây nhiễm cùng với đời sống khó khăn, do không đi làm, không có thu nhập, đã khiến hàng triệu người lao động rời bỏ TP. Hồ Chí Minh, Bình Dương, Đồng Nai… về quê và không ít trong số đó là công nhân dệt may, da giày.
2. Bài toán lao động ngành dệt may da giày Việt Nam
Tại buổi đối thoại, bà Phan Thị Thanh Xuân, Phó Chủ tịch kiêm Tổng thư ký Hiệp hội Da giày-Túi xách Việt Nam cho hay, chuỗi cung ứng dệt may, da giày lại một lần nữa có nguy cơ đứt gãy không phải do yếu tố cung – cầu bên ngoài mà do chính yếu tố trong nước; trong đó việc khan hiếm lao động là một nguyên nhân chính.
Đây là bài toán khó cho các doanh nghiệp dệt may, da giày khi bước vào giai đoạn phục hồi sản xuất theo chủ trương mới của Chính phủ là “Thích ứng an toàn, linh hoạt, kiểm soát hiệu quả dịch COVID-19” thay cho chủ trương “Không có COVID-19”.
Bà Xuân cho rằng, nếu chỉ phụ thuộc nguồn cung nguyên phụ liệu cũng như nhu cầu tiêu thụ của một số thị trường nào đó, rủi ro sẽ rất lớn khi có biến động. Sắp tới chúng ta phải tìm cách nâng tỷ lệ chủ động nguồn cung để tránh phụ thuộc và hưởng lợi từ các FTA.
Thứ hai, người lao động là vốn quý nhất của doanh nghiệp, nhất là đối với các ngành sử dụng nhiều lao động như dệt may, da giày. Việc giữ chân người lao động, làm cho họ gắn bó với doanh nghiệp là giải pháp căn cơ mà mỗi doanh nghiệp phải làm; trong đó có các vấn đề cấp bách như tiêm vaccine, chế độ hỗ trợ…
Theo khảo sát từ Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Quan hệ lao động (ERC), có tới 62% lao động trong các ngành bị giảm thu nhập do bị giãn ca, làm việc không liên tục; độ chênh lệch phủ vaccine giữa các tỉnh miền Nam và miền Bắc – Trung cũng khá lớn. Lượng người lao động về quê khó tiếp cận với vaccine hơn; những hỗ trợ, trợ cấp chưa đến được tay người lao động…
TS. Đỗ Quỳnh Chi, đại diện ERC cho hay, nếu không có biện pháp hỗ trợ tích cực, sẽ phải mất 3-5 tháng để người lao động di cư trở lại nhà máy. Để kéo người lao động trở lại làm việc trong giai đoạn phục hồi, cần phải tiêm vaccine cho người lao động; trong đó lưu ý tăng cường cho khu vực miền Bắc và miền Trung, người lao động di cư về quê. Ngoài ra cần có thể cân nhắc nới lỏng biện pháp chống dịch, lưu thông giữa các tỉnh, cho phép người lao động đã tiêm ít nhất 1 mũi vaccine làm việc bình thường…
“Với doanh nghiệp, cần thường xuyên liên hệ với người lao động để nắm tình hình và hỗ trợ ngay khi cần thiết, thuxếp cho người lao động di cư về quê an toàn hay tiêm vaccine để họ sớm trở lại hoạt động sản xuất”, bà Chi nói…/.
Due to the characteristics of the disease, this disease is often misdiagnosed as stroke in traditional Chinese medicine, and when the attack is severe, it is also considered to be epilepsy.Lying back, What else can I say I m so happy. Let me give you a message.
Xiao Wang immediately took Du Heng s own needle bag, took out four long needles from it, and began to disinfect them with alcohol.Please save my child. Du Heng was a little confused and did not turn around for a while.
I have something urgent Keto Advanced Fat Burner: 8 Key Ingredients That Actually Work What Is The Keto Flu to deal with. Just as he was about to turn around, he stopped with a brow and said, Well, you and I will go over and have a look.At this moment, when he heard the male doctor s words, he shook his head with a heavy face, The family members don t agree.
Du Heng and the emergency doctor looked at each other.money. If you include the purchase of other equipment and newly added personnel salary expenses, etc.
Li Jianwei was helpless. Although there are specialties in the field, traditional Chinese medicine is also developing in a more refined direction.Big or small Hearing that her mother could express herself clearly, her daughter s tears flowed down again.
Your sister in law is chasing after you, and you don t even want to do it.Yang Wei also said, Uncle Yuansheng, listen to Dean Du and go ahead.
Du Heng chuckled. Okay. Wang Lili and Wei Wen shouted the loudest. Then everyone should be busy with work, and find someone to hang the banner when it is time.The Agricultural Technology Station was an independent station in the township fifteen years ago, and its life was quite prosperous.
In order to To calm down the matter, she was transferred to the district maternal and child health station.Du Bing s wife s head was about to stick out of the table.
After a long time, the man slowly exhaled. They had expected this situation.Du Heng also nodded, You go about your business quickly, I have something to do as well.
Everyone would hide away. Everyone wants to be a good person, but they are also afraid that their family cannot afford the price of being a good person.Du Heng slowly retreated to the bed, Okay, I ll leave the rest to you.
It s very rude. How can you say to go to another hospital in front of a doctor This is not a clear distrust.Standing at the door, they took a deep breath, patted the dirt on their butts, looked at each other, then opened the door curtain and walked in.
Wang Shuqiu might have made an appointment with some colleagues earlier.Who didn t say anything You should pay attention to this matter, ask in detail, and let everyone listen carefully in class.
Walking to Du Heng, Dean, take a look, the booklet you asked for is ready.Lu Zhongjiang clapped his hands, If the money from the savings bank can be in place, we will not only It can be renovated and other equipment can be purchased at the same time.
Zhou Yixian s responsibility and trust are worthy of Du Heng s high regard.But as a man, , a husband, his mouth is too loud, almost like a machine gun, and it hit his wife s life gate.
There was no other way but to bully the young doctor and ask the two attending doctors to give up one day of outpatient service each, so that the situation would be settled.Brother, let go, I can t do it. Even if you change this car for me, I won t dare to pull it.
This matter cannot be delayed any longer. It seems that Lu Zhongjiang must be urged to speed up the process.She pursed her lips and used all her strength to catch the man.
Five It s alright, one product breaks in two months.Your Excellency Governor Xu Qi an said in a deep voice, It s actually very simple.
The two looked at him blankly, what is Erha In fact, in this era, the winter in the south is much better than that in the north.When you come back, I will take you to seek justice.
After the imperial court was over, Minister of the Ministry of Rites, who was stripped of his official robe and hat, was escorted out of the palace.A friend, not an adult, but a friend Xu Qi an sat upright.
Even if the Sorcerer Sect is planning to make a living in Yunzhou, they only dare to hide in the dark and will not show it.If she gets another poem, the sisters will never have a bright future.
Xu Qi an thought for a while, and said sadly I knew that when this furnace of nine turn golden elixir is refined, it will be the day for you to Best Fat Burning Supplements For Males A Collective Review of CBD Gummies for Erectile Dysfunction make a move.Xu Qi an noticed that Song Tingfeng was staring at her butt, so she kicked him under the table Look what After cursing, he took a few glances himself.
Standing on the edge of the Bagua Platform, watching the sky at night, the ear pinna moved.The boss of Ding No.16 shop obediently came over, with a low eyebrow My lord.
That is to say, Xu Qi an returned to Qingzhou, and this poem was passed down from Qingzhou.Finished All of this, Fuxiang smiled.December 29, I haven t written a diary for a long time, and I have burned the previous diary, but Xu is not a serious person.
Arriving at the entrance of the mansion, it was already full of all kinds of carriages and sedan chairs, or gorgeous or simple cars, representing the elders with different official positions.Xu Qi an, Song Tingfeng, and Zhu Guangxiao changed into plain clothes and only brought a saber.
When I woke up, I found myself locked in a small dark room with a sack on my head.And Wei Yuan, as the governor of the Great Feng Zuo, once again demonstrated to the world his unparalleled ability to govern.
After eating one, Governor Zhang stared wide eyed in surprise There are no seeds Song Buzheng smiled and said nothing, and other officials also laughed.After all, it is impossible for a weak woman like her to leave Yunzhou independently.
I m so stupid, really, I still underestimated this Xu Qi an At this time, No.Sitian The prisoner s white clothes didn t dare to attack me, so he ran to my father to complain, and my father scolded Bengong severely.
She visited Yang Chuannan just now.General Li is leaving Xu Qi an went up to meet him.
Meng Jingzhe felt in his heart that his master did not die so easily, and he was still patiently waiting on the shore.Ye Shenglan nodded.But your nose should not be inherited from your father.
In the palm, a little clear light condensed, and more clear light overflowed from the void in all directions and merged into the palm.Aren t you going to do it The masked man s voice suddenly rang in Meng Jingzhe s ears.
Seeing this kind of Pixiu, he felt as if he had seen another side of Meng Xiaotian.The little girl wanted to say something more, but was pushed hard again.
I think the so called catastrophe is related to that person.The yin and yang value from Sixi 5 You don t understand anything.
According to the guardian, the reason why artifacts are different from ordinary treasures is because they are all infused with divinity, so they appear very extraordinary.Six Amitabha, all living beings suffer.But Taoist Priest Jinlian, Li Miaozhen, who practice meritorious deeds, and Master Hengyuan, who is compassionate, don t think about their own safety, but the survival of the common people.
Xu Qi an said in a deep voice.Huaiqing nodded while thinking, and said So, at this stage, a gatekeeper is needed, and you are the gatekeeper selected by the prison.This abnormal escape speed is not like a human monk, but like some kind of extremely fast monster.
One step, two steps, three steps.Meng Jingzhe walked seven steps in a row.As soon as he raised his hand, countless snowflakes poured out from between his fingers.
The kind of vixen said with a smile, Hello, sisters, I am Xu Ningyan s demon partner, and I will be your sister from now on.How can you plunder my luck Xu Qi an said loudly The witch god and Buddha are eating away at Dafeng, you two are still overseas, and it will take time to go back.
She must have been a top notch beauty when she was young.Xu Qi an smiled and said Really While speaking, he plunged the peace knife into the ground, and immediately after, the muscles of the warrior s body rolled, and an invisible air realm swelled out from the body, Spread in all directions.
How powerful is the Martial God Huang Chuanyin asked, his voice was unprecedentedly dignified and serious.I don t remember that the name of the tomb guarding kid in the past was Ah Qi, and the movement skills in the Yin Yang Tomb can only allow Meng Jingzhe to complete the first seven Pure Keto Gummies: Purity and Potency in Your Ketogenic Diet Dawn French Weight Loss steps with ease.
Guiyi Swordsman, a swordsman who has not been driven.God Gu continued Throughout the ages, there are only two people who know how to be promoted to a Martial God.
Meng Jingzhe wanted to retreat, but there was no way to retreat.Meng Jingzhe looked up, only to see a blurred face of a man.
Meng Jingzhe started to comprehend this character according to the method of comprehending the first character.Even an old Jianghu like Daoist Jinlian felt a deep sense of powerlessness in his heart at this time.
With a sufficient number of teleportation jade talismans, you can teleport several times in a row until you arrive at Yuren Island.Let s explain it to me, okay.The little girl pulled Meng Jingzhe s clothes by the hem, tried her best to put on a coquettish posture, and dragged her long tail when she spoke.
The He family has benefited, so naturally there will be no complaints about this matter.The girl had already said such words without even asking where his home was.
This is the first time on a real person. Fortunately, Wu Buwei still put in some effort and has been doing well, except for finding some acupuncture points that are not very accurate.He let go of his wife and rushed over with fists raised.
Wandering here and there, recalling the bitter and sweet.Well, I won t come. You did a good job, so there s no problem.
Wang Zhenzhen put down He picked up the phone and said, Hello, please go sit on the stool over there for a while.If they cannot correct it, then there is no hope at all.
Oh. Pei Jihua breathed a sigh of relief, Auntie, seeing that you are so happy, has uncle been cured It can t be so fast, it s still far away.
Such people must be exposed and let everyone see their ugly faces.The three of them ate a small meal of four hundred, and Du Heng paid the bill without blinking.
We both took half a day off and have to go back to work in the afternoon.I m very reassured about your character and work ability.
As long as you have something to do, it s convenient.Numbness in the hands and feet is common, and many people experience numbness all over the body, like electric currents passing through them.
But because of today s Due to the weather, there was not a single car on the road, so patients had no choice but to choose the nearest health center.This gave her face to Zhang Jinlian and Li Qingde. Otherwise, if the doctor he manages has such an accident, he, the leader, will definitely not get any benefits.
The aunt walked gently to the bedside, put the lunch box in her hand on the cabinet, and said softly, Jihua, come here to eat.When they saw Du Heng come in, they were both smiling, Dr.
Of course, eating is also here. The two sisters chatted happily, and giggled from time to time.Du Ping, please watch, I ll drive a tricycle. Okay, hurry up.
These words were all meant for Wu Buwei to listen to.Du Heng didn t know. He just paused and continued, If the Qi cannot flow through the skin, it will cause pain and itching.
Du. Before the May Day holiday, Director Xu took me to see Dr.Use strong stimulation method. Du Fei left quickly and came back quickly.
He didn t even know what to say. There is so much ginseng in one dose of medicine.But they didn t dare. Stay at home, now everyone is gathered in the square.
Senior brother, are you two dating Let me tell you, girls want Coax, just give in, say a few nice words, and everything will be fine.Although the punishment was not as severe as Du Heng s, he would also miss the opportunity to be rotated to another health center and then become the director.
We are about to meet now, but Du Heng has no idea about the personalities of the other family members or what their hobbies are.They didn t know what Du Heng was going to say. Yes, tangerine peel, the tangerine peel in Buzhong Yiqi Decoction.
Xu Pinglin was silent, and after a long time he said, Then what should I do Go to a psychiatrist Xu Pinglin asked for a solution.
