Bài 2: Chi phí ngừng máy của một số ngành công nghiệp
Báo cáo năm 2022 của công ty Senseye cho thấy thời gian ngừng máy ngoài kế hoạch hiện khiến các công ty Fortune Global 500 (Bảng xếp hạng hàng năm của 500 công ty, tập đoàn hàng đầu trên toàn thế giới tính theo doanh số) mất 11% doanh thu hàng năm của họ – gần 1,5 nghìn tỷ USD. Con số này tăng từ 864 tỷ USD (8% doanh thu) hai năm trước. Trong số các công ty Fortune Global 500, chi phí ngừng hoạt động hàng năm hiện là 129 triệu USD cho mỗi cơ sở, tăng 65% trong cuộc khảo sát gần đây nhất của Senseye trong năm 2019-2020.
Dưới đây, chúng ta sẽ tìm hiểu chi phí ngừng máy của một số ngành công nghiệp tại Mỹ, tại Việt Nam, tại một số nước khác. Nói cách khác ngừng máy làm cho doanh nghiệp mất bao nhiêu tiền?
1.Chi phí ngừng máy của một số doanh nghiệp tại Mỹ
Chi phí ngừng máy thể hiện thiệt hại mỗi giờ do ngừng máy trong doanh nghiệp và khác nhau tùy theo ngành công nghiệp.
Bảng 1: Chi phí ngừng máy của một số ngành công nghiệp tại Mỹ
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Công nghiệp
Chi phí ngừng máy mỗi giờ (USD), tính cho cả nhà máy
1
Năng lượng
2.817.846
2
Viễn thông
2.066.245
3
Chế tạo
1.610.654
4
Tổ chức tài chính
1.495.134
5
Công nghệ thông tin
1.344.461
6
Bảo hiểm
1.202.444
7
Bán lẻ
1.107.274
8
Dược phẩm
1.082.252
9
Ngân hàng
996.802
10
Thực phẩm, đồ uống
804.192
11
Hàng tiêu dùng
785.719
12
Hóa chất
704.101
13
Vận tải
668.586
14
Y tế
636.030
15
Luyện kim
580.588
16
Điện tử
477.366
17
Xây dựng
389.601
Trung bình
944.395
2.Chi phí ngừng máy của một số doanh nghiệp tại Việt Nam
Qua điều tra thực tế, tổn thất trong một giờ ngừng sản xuất do máy bị hư hỏngở một số ngành công nghiệp tại Việt Nam như sau:
Dầu khí: vài triệu USD.
Thép: 10.000 USD.
Giấy: 10.000 – 20.000 USD.
Gia công kim loại: 5.000 USD.
Hóa chất: 2.000 USD.
Điện: 10.000 USD.
Sản xuất lon bia: 9.000 USD.
Nhựa (1 máy): 200 USD.
Nếu ngừng máy do hư hỏng trong một ngày một nhà máy đường Việt Nam có sản lượng 6.000 tấn/ngày bị thiệt hại trung bình là 2,4 tỷ đồng.
3.Chi phí ngừng máy của một số doanh nghiệp khác
–Một nhà máy hóa dầu ở Hàn Quốc phải ngưng hoạt động do một cơn bão. Khi nhà máy hoạt động trở lại, theo dõi và giám sát tình trạng máy người ta nhận thấy có rung động trong những quạt gió. Sau khi kiểm tra quạt gió người ta nhận thấy nguyên nhân chính là do hư hỏng nghiêm trọng trong các ổ lăn. Nếu hư hỏng đó không được phát hiện kịp thời thì thiệt hại của nhà máy có thể lên đến 0,5 triệu USD.
–Nhờ theo dõi thường xuyên một nhà máy xử lý khí ở Trung Đông người ta nhận thấy có rung động ở một rô to máy nén và so sánh với một hiện tượng tương tự trước đây.
Từ đó đã giúp cho nhà máy rút ra kết luận rằng rung động đó là do sự mất cân bằng của rô to. Vậy cần phải thay thế rô to đó, nhưng nhà máy lại không có phụ tùng để thay ngay lập tức. Nhờ hiểu rõ được tình trạng của máy mà các kỹ sư của nhà máy đã kiểm soát được mức độ nghiêm trọng của sự cố đó bằng cách giảm tải đặt lên rô to đó trong khi chế tạo một rô to mới. Nếu không phát hiện sớm và chính xác để điều chỉnh sản xuất thì khi máy bị hư hỏng, ngừng sản xuất hoàn toàn sẽ gây thiệt hại ước tính khoảng 2 triệu USD/ mỗi ngày.
–Một nhà máy lọc dầu của Pháp đã phát hiện thấy có một trục của máy trộn chất xúc tác bị đảo nhiều hơn so với trước đây trong khi khởi động. Người ta nhận thấy trục máy này có ma sát với vỏ và những vòng chặn. Chất xúc tác khi thoát ra gần những vòng chặn sẽ dần dần tích tụ bên trong vỏ. Nhờ công tác theo dõi tình trạng máy thường xuyên mà quyết định loại bỏ chất xúc tác bằng cách phun nước trong khi vẫn vận hành máy. Kết quả là rung động đó đã trở lại bình thường. Bằng cách giải quyết tình trạng một cách trực tiếp, nhà máy đã tránh được thiệt hại ước tính khoảng 1 triệu quan Pháp mỗi ngày.
–“Cứ một lần ngừng máy ngoài kế hoạch thì tương ứng với khoảng 10 giờ ngừng sản xuất và bị thiệt hại 65.000 USD trong một nhà máy cán thép. Một năm thường có khoảng 5 trường hợp như vậy. Tất cả trường hợp này có thể phòng tránh bằng các kỹ thuật bảo trì là giám sát rung động” (TS. Don Mahadevan, Hội nghị quốc tế lần thứ 3 về bảo trì dự đoán).
Việc áp dụng số hoá công tác quản lý bảo trì tài sản sẽ giúp doanh nghiệp tiết kiệm được khoản lớn chi phí bảo trì và các thiệt hại do sự cố ngừng máy mang lại. Nếu doanh nghiệp khai thác tốt lợi ích công tác quản lý bảo trì thiết bị sẽ giúp doanh nghiệp tránh tình trạng gián đoạn sản xuất trong thời gian sớm nhất.
No, no, no, you can t be in a hurry.Long Yinjian said, she was very unfamiliar with such comforting things.This time, it used a sword formula that Meng Jingzhe had never seen before.
Si Xi s old face gradually became younger, slowly revealing his original appearance.But the more he got to know it, the more he felt that the statue seemed like an elder.
The priest asked one last time Where is the Cangtian Valley, have you figured it out Axi nodded solemnly.Immediately got up, with a slight lift, he shot into the sky like a cannonball.
Dong dong The courtyard door that no one cared about in the past was knocked open, and the ordinary looking woman ran over in surprise and opened the courtyard door.The boy snatched the note from the girl s hand and opened it But do good things Don t ask about the future.
Two Xu Ningyan Xu Ningyan Xu Ningyan Li Miaozhen s voice crazily entered his mind.However, with such a good student , Sun Lien s pressure is not small.
Master, don t make fun of this disciple.Li Fengfan said timidly.Long Yinjian asked softly You, you, you, you, you really think, I love you the most.
Suddenly, the teleportation array representing Southern Xinjiang lit up, and a well dressed woman in a black gauze dress appeared on the stage.Although Ah Jing didn t understand why her father was so eager, she still obediently stopped.
According to the different pollution, it shows different mutations.For example, read a sentence Not a blade of grass grows here.
It was plundered by Dafeng s first rank warrior.One hundred and eight fast copper plates continuously peeled off the spirit of the big octopus.Facing Huang s question, the Gu God didn t directly answer the question, and said in a deep and majestic voice He was deliberately You seal it, and follow you to Guixu to enter the island of gods and demons, not to snatch the gate of heaven, but to use your innate magical powers to smelt the spiritual accumulation left here, so that he can open the gate of heaven again and force you to transform.
Wei Yuan turned around, looked around at the princes, and spoke softly and forcefully You just need to know that a half step martial god can compete with super rank warriors, and can easily kill first rank warriors.Meng Jingzhe couldn t help but feel lucky, fortunately, the captor looked down on such a child as him, so this small wooden sign can still be kept on him intact.
Don t you like me Meng Jingzhe asked softly.The heart shaped stone stopped moving again, and it was as if he didn t know how to answer at this time.Lin an puffed up his cheeks, Is there anything I can t know She is not an obedient and virtuous wife Mother, she is very powerful.
Originally, the holy mountain only accepted people as apprentices, but now there are many more animals who come to apprentice.Listening to the giant panda s explanation at this time, Meng Jingzhe naturally felt that half of what he lacked might be fulfilled by this great benefit.
Thinking of this, Meng Jingzhe was startled.He looked at Sixi carefully, and he could see immediately that Sixi s figure became more and more illusory, as if he was going to ride the wind and leave in the next second.As Meng Jingzhe went down the mountain, he said to Long Yinjian puzzledly This kid s talent is mediocre, so I want him to live happily every day, and he thinks too much.
I have wanted to read the book Nomenclature for a long time, but during the serialization period, there was a lot of pressure and trivial matters, and I never had time.From Yin Yang value 5 Did you forget the lines I can actually use it as a teleprompter for you.
Sixi s expression remained unchanged, but she said It s just the Yin Yang Pearl, I have thousands of ways to get it.The portrait is still the same.Surrounded by fairy clouds, the face is blurred but people dare not feel the slightest bit of blasphemy.
The Patriarch of the Liu family had a dark face, looking at the lumps on the ground, Why are there still monsters raised here The monster clan is a race that was wiped out by the gods before the demons.Ah Jing couldn t help but took a step back.Continue.
Hearing this, Yu Cui s expression darkened, but he still turned his head and left Guiyi Sword Sect.Even if one day s innocent vitality is wiped out, the physical body and the primordial spirit will decay together, and there will not be a vibrant body left, because the spirit, energy, and spirit of the peak martial artist have already been integrated into one.
In the end, he collapsed all auras and settled all emotions.He looked left and right, Meng Xiaotian looked at him worriedly, Jing and Jianzun were sitting on the ground, their faces were covered with blood, and they were just trying to support themselves.
The evil god was still silent, but his appearance at this time was more like he was resisting the desire to speak, and his face was a little distorted.The last mother who betrayed the family and let her go secretly died because of this.
Because of Jian Xin Meng Jingzhe asked.I turned into a white rabbit, and I didn t get nothing.He looks at the clear light cyclone, waiting for a moment, on the huge body, that one The tendons tensed, and the muscles swelled.
God s envoy, but turned his eyes to the faces of all the disciples.Seeing her turn around again, Meng Jingzhe said, Isn t this also your hometown Why don t you understand this But the only response to him was the ruthless back of the head, and the occasional yin and yang value refreshed by the system.
In Master s eyes, Jinghe Sword is his natal sword, so it is naturally the best.After Meng Jingzhe tried all the methods in her mind, she began to comprehend other methods.
Although it cannot be compared with the main body, it can also provide a certain degree of shelter for the gods.
How about I give you a ride No, you have to come back after sending it over.When I usually stay in the health center, I always feel that time passes very slowly.
Yang Yuansheng is the best example. The test report showed cirrhosis of the liver, but Du Heng s diagnosis was that the disease was caused by excessive cold and dampness.After charging up the phone and turning it on, I saw several calls made by Ms.
Return to the unit After that, Pei Jihua looked at the report sheet in his hand and recalled what Xia Zhengjiang said just now.However, Wu Shengnan had been out for a long time, and Du Heng couldn t let Fan Jimin leave directly, so he started talking about some interesting things about life or work.
Go to the station and explain it clearly to me. Then he turned to look at Liu Gong and said, Take the car up and take her back to the prison for interrogation.I have to accept that favor and have to pay the interest, do you think you are sick Du Heng was stunned for a moment, that seemed to be what Wang Shuqiu said.
Once the blood clot blocks the trachea, you will be at risk of suffocation.So in the end, Du Heng found a relationship with his classmate and arranged a position as a medicinal material delivery person in the medicinal material company where the classmate worked.
Lao Du, your brother in law looks fair and clean. I thought at first that this boy might not be able to do this job, but unexpectedly, he is very diligent he works hard and conscientiously, and he is willing to ask for advice and study.But the discovery was a little slow. Wang Shiyuan s wife grabbed Du Heng s pulse diagnosing hand and bit it in one bite.
Du Heng was even more confused. Isn t dizziness a normal reaction for patients with high blood pressure Yu Haiting also saw Du Heng s confused look, and immediately understood that he had not made it clear, and quickly explained, When the patient was admitted to the hospital yesterday, the systolic blood pressure was 200hg and the diastolic blood pressure was 160hg.
Before Yu Haiting could finish, Du Heng stood up in surprise.
Gastroscopy, your diagnosis based on Western medicine should be duodenal ulcer.He stood up too hastily, staggered again, and fell directly to the ground.
The first thing Du Heng did after leaving Liang Limin aside was to quickly take off the pillow.So this place can definitely be said to be a summer resort.
What is the difference between this and death Du Heng stopped explaining.No matter in terms of friendship or interests, Du Heng has no reason to harm their interests.
Similarly, due to the excessive protrusion of the cheekbones, the two eye sockets directly become sunken.One afternoon is not enough Remember, come out early, I m leaving.
asked. Du Heng squatted aside, pulled open the clothes that Wang Shuqiu had just folded, and folded them into a ball randomly.Du Xueting coquettishly took Wang Shuqiu s arm and said, Auntie, please help me.
Du Heng looked at the form, A feeling of grievance actually emerged in my heart.Du Heng shouted as he entered the door. Lu Zhongjiang was not surprised at all.
But when I thought about the money in my card, I decided to wait a little longer and wait until the June bonus arrived before buying a car.Li, and of course I study Chinese medicine. Since I study Chinese medicine, why do you use The treatment ideas of Western medicine and the dialectics of Chinese medicine Are they the same thing Du Heng said it very seriously, and he couldn t help but take it seriously.
Du Heng tested the temperature and it didn t feel very hot.It was your illegal operations that caused the tragedy of Xiaoying s death.
Everyone is here to see a doctor, and they are in a bad mood.In March, I treated everyone in our brigade. I wonder if you have any impressions The man looked at the woman with complicated eyes.
Wu Shengnan suddenly said, Are we going to continue the review later Wu Shengnan s sudden words made Du Heng s embarrassment that had just disappeared return.
How could such a thing be told to a woman like me Gong Daoyang didn t ask any more questions.When I walked to the corridor, I saw the only attending Chinese medicine practitioner in their department.
After that, he hung up the phone. Du Heng looked at the hung up call and didn t take it seriously.I went to see them. I didn t wait for you. Director Xu, are you too polite Let s go and sit in the office for a while.
The worst thing is to ask Wei Kaida for advice, and it should be over with some coaxing.This has nothing to do with sales. But before Du Heng could speak, Liao Quansheng shouted loudly, Zhao Xinfang, put your things down.
After two doses of medicine, sexual problems will be solved naturally, and pregnancy will be natural after taking it for one month.Saying hello to yourself is just out of politeness.
Pao Jia Zhu belongs to the liver meridian and stomach meridian, and has the effect of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, reducing swelling and diuresis, and this medicine has also been used on Li Qiuhua.As for the main reason why it didn t work before, there was something wrong with the medicine they drank before.
Use my towel. I won t give you a new one. Du Heng took it with a smile, That s not it. Be more careful.Xu Pinglin really felt a little embarrassed. Although Du Heng only took action twice, his immediate needs were solved both times, especially the second time, which could be said to have resolved a crisis in their department.
After making it, he tastes it himself and gives it a try.Du Heng shook his head, No, for me it s just a piece of cake.
The man was also extremely happy and had the urge to cry for joy, but his eyes only turned red and he immediately put away the urge.When Wu Buwei passed the professional examination, Du Heng could leave this matter to Wu Buwei.
You can book the room first. No, she and my uncle have already taken the car back by now.But who would have thought that she would encounter a difficult labor and not be able to give birth after more than four hours It is already a great favor to the mother and her family if they can come.
I took it as her acquiescence. After taking the medicine, we kept her under observation for half an hour until we confirmed that she had no adverse reactions.Definitely not. You need to sign a special medication information form and a consent form for treatment to avoid complications in the future.
The smile is like the peonies in the back garden of Du Heng s house, blooming brilliantly.The second floor is also crowded now. All the family members have been rushed into the corridor.
He picked up his lunch box. Just about to go back. Du Heng quickly stopped, Don t go, he is a very nice person.His parents have no money, and he doesn t go to work, so he goes to steal some things and make some money.
You said it ll be over in half a month. When An Chunhui mentioned that old man, Du Heng thought of Zhao Qiang s That special subsidy.Wang Zhenzhen looked a little more serious, You really need to be careful about this.
You don t have children yet The woman looked at Du Heng in surprise, You How do you know The level of cold you have is certainly not something you have recently.And even if early intervention fails, caesarean section can completely solve this troublesome problem.
But when I thought about the money in my card, I decided to wait a little longer and wait until the June bonus arrived before buying a car.It s just that my hair is a little messy. It must have been messed up by the corn leaves when I went to the cornfield just now.
Fortunately, the distance between the middle school and the health center was close.The patient s daughter and granddaughter are no longer in the ward, but an old lady is guarding the bedside.
If you just send the things and money back like this, someone in the village will definitely say that you are stingy and not open minded enough.It s just the food that hurts the stomach, plus you have a cold stomach, and you didn t get treatment in time.
Because he said he was going to be a soldier, but he was assigned to raise pigs.Hang yourself On the diao Save people So much happened in such a short time But Wang Shuqiu was even more confused, who was Du Bing Why did his wife hang herself Looking at Wang Shuqiu s puzzled eyes, Du Ping did not gossip in front of his sister in law, I ll go upstairs and have a look.
I ll go take a look, okay Uncle, didn t you say.
you d better not go. Du Heng heard that Du Heng When he was about to go in, he started to worry about Du Heng again.For the more troublesome ones, he would prescribe the medicine and send it to the acupuncture and physiotherapy center next door.
The next day, Du Heng was thinking about Wu Buwei s matter and did not go directly to the hospital.I m afraid my dad will break my legs. Just tell me if you want to come I definitely want to come.
Finally, Gao Qin said, After Dean Lu and I talked this morning, I also had some ideas.Of course, Chinese medicines cannot be drunk indiscriminately.
Chinese medicines can be divided into cold and warm, and the physiques of pregnant women are also different.
Xuanhui s room is located in Nanyin, and the acupoint is located at noon.Unexpectedly, after a few years, you became the most comfortable one.
For this patient, the matter of compensation must be confirmed through examination.But Qin Hu is definitely not someone who just sits back and waits for death.
Cui Ying just talked back to him, but he actually wanted to get her away.When he went to work on the second day, Du Heng was on time as promised yesterday.
After walking out of the door and a little further away, Xiao Li whispered, Brother, someone came to see me this afternoon and wanted to be transferred to our Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Stay in the middle, and the dampness and heat gather in the middle focus, and you Heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, liver and gallbladder, everything has problems, including coronary heart disease and liver cirrhosis.
Before he could stand still when he arrived downstairs, Kang Zhirong had already jogged back.Du Heng looked sideways at Wu Shengnan, with a dumbfounded expression on his face, Those are two different things.
Besides, Li Qin told me very much on the phone. It is clear that she will not agree to your request, no matter how much money you offer.If you don t take or use the medicine you prescribed, your lower body is rotten now, you come here to rely on me, you think so beautifully.
When checking below the belly button, there is a very obvious jump on the midline of the belly button, and this jump continues to the Guanyuan point.These are contents that have long been recorded in medical books, and we only need to summarize and refine them to master them.
Unexpectedly, there are many more family members of stroke patients than expected.Moreover, he himself had just won the second prize of the Science and Technology Award.
I won t introduce Director Li. You heard it just now.Wooden gun, this is the iconic building of the cannon fodder.
The last time he came was to study, but he didn t learn anything.Thereforecoldwilt accompany shedsolitary Bi Meat area office sickle bone hug alone Lu Nao Pavilion Title cold Cold So buried aloneLuluList review abandon Yuan mending shoulder sickle allusion phlegm The room is full of loneliness abandoned reputation bent shed buried so lonely naked once throw away So I am tired of sweating on my shoulders when I read the poem, that is, the peak is stubborn, the minister is rough, the mother is lonely, she is abandoned, I am sleeping, I am sleeping, I am smoking, I am paying for the diagnosis, I am confused, I am lonely, I am deep, I am annoyed, so I am scared to chew my lonely bow.
But when Wu Shengnan appeared behind him, several girls said Hello, sister.After changing his hands, he said with a smile, Yes, this is normal for you now.
Listen to what you just said. Do you think it was said by a doctor with higher education Apologize to the patient.We all thought he had gone out of town, but he was hanging out under our noses.
This seemingly antagonistic personality made Du Heng very awkward.When Kang Zhirong saw this comment, his expression suddenly stiffened.
Her mood was so ups and downs that her vision almost went dark and she fell to the ground.But Zhang Dewen next to him heard it. After glaring at Guan Bo, he took a deep breath and adjusted himself.
Is this justified Especially when Zhu Minyan is so excited now.
No, she is restless. I don t know what to say anymore.Wu Shengnan s face turned red, but he returned stubbornly, It depends on your ability.
And at work, you must have the bad habit of staying up late, which aggravates the liver damage.The next day, Du Heng explained the situation to Li Jianwei, then packed his things and rushed to the capital for the second time.
Thinking about the research that I was in trouble with, and still using the prescription that Du Heng had already prepared, I felt very uncomfortable.The main meaning was that Gao Qin s treatment time was short, he didn t treat her properly, he looked down on her, and he was fooling her.
The next day, Du Heng explained the situation to Li Jianwei, and then packed his things , rushed to the capital for the second time.What is right is right, and what is wrong is wrong.
After watching the flag raising, she had to climb the Great Wall, and she didn t feel tired.As he said that, he looked at Du Heng and asked slowly, But what did you mean by what you just said, dean, it hasn t changed Du Heng suddenly smiled, Last year, I formulated a prescription specifically for the treatment of tumors.
